Observational studyBMC cardiovascular disorders2025
Baseline and changes in prognostic nutritional index associate with heart failure hospitalization and all-cause death in patients with cardiac pacemaker.
Observational study in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prognostic Value of Inflammatory and Nutritional Indices in Patients Undergoing Permanent Pacemaker Implantation for Degenerative Complete Atrioventricular Block.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Total Pectoral Muscle Area and Prognostic Nutritional Index Provide Complementary Prognostic Information for Patients Hospitalized with HFmrEF/HFrEF.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Inflammatory indices as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Observational
- Association between prognostic nutritional index and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation combined with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Timing, continuity, and energy dose of oral nutritional supplements in older coronary care unit patients: associations with prognostic nutritional index trajectory and hospitalization burden.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Dietary inflammatory potential, genetic susceptibility, and systemic inflammation indices in relation to abdominal aortic aneurysm risk: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectThe study evaluated prognostic nutritional index (PNI) levels and changes as predictors of heart failure hospitalization (HFH) and mortality in cardiac pacemaker patients.
methodsPNI was calculated on admission and at the end of the 1-month follow-up, and their net changes (Δ) were calculated by PNI at follow-up minus the corresponding PNI on admission. The optimal cutoff value of baseline PNI was determined by the ROC curve. Based on this optimal cutoff value or the change in PNI during follow-up, patients were divided into high-PNI and low-PNI groups, or into improved PNI group (ΔPNI > 0) and deteriorated group (ΔPNI ≤ 0). The crude and adjusted cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the associations between adverse events and PNI or ΔPNI. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the association of the PNI-endpoint events.
resultsA total of 927 patients were enrolled in the study. The risk of HFH and all-cause death remained significantly higher in patients with low PNI, even after adjusting for other risk factors (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.997, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.220 - 3.203, P = 0.006; HR: 2.501, 95% CI: 1.392 - 4.494, P = 0.002, respectively). Patients with ΔPNI ≤ 0 faced higher risks of HFH and mortality compared to those with ΔPNI > 0(HR: 3.146, 95% CI: 2.024 - 4.892, P < 0.001, HR: 2.082, 95% CI: 1.223 - 3.544; P = 0.007, respectively)
conclusionLow baseline PNI and ΔPNI ≤ 0 during follow-up effectively predicted HFH and mortality in cardiac pacemaker patients. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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