ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Outcomes of non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 versus seasonal influenza during the fall-winter 2022-2023 period.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe comparability of outcomes for non-hospitalized COVID-19 outpatients during the Omicron wave to outpatients with influenza remains uncertain. This study aims to compare the outcomes of non-hospitalized outpatients with COVID-19 and seasonal influenza during the fall-winter of 2022-2023.
methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX, a collaborative clinical research platform. Non-hospitalized outpatients with COVID-19 and seasonal influenza between 01 October 2022 and 31 January 2023 were selected from TriNetX. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to compare patients receiving corresponding outpatient antiviral treatments. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the primary outcome-a composite of all-cause emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, or mortality during the 30-day follow-up period-were calculated and compared.
resultsAfter PSM, two well-balanced groups of 9,030 patients each were identified. Non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients had a lower risk of primary composites outcomes including all-cause ED visits, hospitalization, or mortality (5.9% vs. 9.2%, HR, 0.661[95% CI, 0.593-0.737]) compared to the influenza group. In addition, the COVID-19 group demonstrated a reduced risk of all-cause ED visits (4.4% vs. 6.6%, HR 0.683[0.601-0.776]), hospitalization (1.7% vs. 2.9%, HR 0.605[0.495-0.739]) and mortality (0.1% vs. 0.2%, HR 0.176[0.052-0.597]), respectively.
conclusionsThis study indicates a lower risk of all-cause ED visits, hospitalization, and mortality in the non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared to the seasonal influenza group, supporting the current public health strategy of adjusting COVID-19 management based on approaches used for seasonal influenza.
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