Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40165051›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2025

The continuous expansion and spread of human brucellosis in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: evidence from epidemiological and strains' genotyping-based analysis.

Zhiguo Liu, Bo Li, Chuizhao Xue, Min Yuan, Zhenjun Li, Junling Sun, Canjun Zheng

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Distribution and epidemiology of brucellosis in China.Veterinary research communications · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zhiguo LiuNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
Bo LiXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, 830002, China.
Chuizhao XueNational Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, China.
Min YuanNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
Zhenjun LiNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China. lizhenjun@icdc.cn.
Junling SunChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China. sunjl@chinacdc.cn.
Canjun ZhengChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China. zhengcj@chinacdc.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human brucellosis is a severe public health threat in Xinjiang; however, the epidemiological evolution and molecular correlation of strains are still unclear. In this study, join point regression analysis, spatiotemporal scan analysis, conventional biotyping approaches, and multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) were applied to characterize the epidemiological landscape. A total of 78,689 cases were reported from 1957 to 2023. The average annual reported cases and incidence rates were 1174.46 and 5.28/100,000, respectively. Join point analysis revealed that disease incidence trends increased from 2004 (329, 1.77/100,000) to 2023 (9,334, 36.08/100,000) (AAPC = 17.26, P = 0.00), and affected counties expanded from 21 in 2004 to 100 in 2023, implying that human brucellosis continues to worsen. In 2023, the incidence rates in most counties in southern Xinjiang were higher than 2.0/100,000, and human brucellosis has become endemic in southern Xinjiang. These data demonstrate that human brucellosis is continuously spreading and expanding in Xinjiang. High incidence rate of clusters was detected in North Xinjiang from 2013 to 2023, involving 54 counties. The substantial increase in ruminant farming has increased the risk of infection in humans. A total of 28 Brucella strains were isolated in patients, all B. melitensis bv. 3. MLVA revealed that the dominant genotypes consisted of strains from different areas, hosts, and years; strains from a common original continuously spread, small ruminant trade and transfer contributed to the spread of strains in adjacent regions. Therefore, strengthening surveillance and control of animal brucellosis is vital for preventing its further spread.

Indexed as

BrucellaBrucellosisAnimalsChinaGenotypeHumansIncidenceMinisatellite RepeatsMolecular EpidemiologyBrucella melitensisEpidemiological evolutionHuman brucellosisJoin point regression analysisMolecular correlationTemporal–spatial analysis

Identifiers

PMID40165051
PMCPMC11956441

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.