ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2025
Risk Factors for Glue Extrusion Bleeding After Endoscopic Injection of Cyanoacrylate Glue for Gastric Varices: A Retrospective Study of 269 Patients.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Successful Endoscopic Sealing of Gastric Perforation With Tissue Adhesive Following Endoscopic Treatment for Gastric Fundal Variceal Bleeding: A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Splenic infarction after endoscopic glue injection for gastric varices: proportion, exploratory correlates, and clinical outcomes from a propensity score-matched analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Endoscopic management of acute esophagogastric variceal bleeding: recent advances.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2026Review
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundGlue extrusion bleeding is a major complication of endoscopic cyanoacrylate glue injection for the treatment of gastric varices. However, its risk factors remain unclear.
aimsThis retrospective study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for bleeding associated with glue extrusion.
methodsThis study analyzed the medical data of cirrhotic patients who underwent endoscopic obliteration for gastric varices using cyanoacrylate glue between January 2016 and December 2022. The data within 1 year after therapy were carried out with logistic regression. A nomogram model was constructed based on the factors.
results269 patients were enrolled. Risk factors associated with glue extrusion bleeding included the volume of the glue (≥ 4 mL)(OR 1.289, 95% CI 1.051-1.580; P = 0.015), massive ascites (OR 5.645, 95% CI 2.260-14.097; P = 0.000), active hemorrhage during endoscopy (OR 2.830, 95% CI 1.284-6.234; P = 0.010), and the use of β-blockers was a protective factor (OR 0.185, 95% CI 0.07-0.485; P = 0.001). The nomogram model had good prediction accuracy, with an area under the curve of 0.74 (95% CI 0.658-0.822; P < 0.001).
conclusionMassive ascites, active hemorrhage during endoscopy, glue volume ≥ 4 mL, and the use of β-blockers are associated with glue extrusion bleeding. At-risk patients may benefit from controlling the volume of the glue, undergoing endoscopic ultrasound and using β-blockers.
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