Observational studyDiabetologia2025
Macular perfusion alterations in people with recent-onset diabetes and novel diabetes subtypes.
Observational study in Diabetologia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01055093 (Prospective Study on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications in Newly Diagnosed Adult Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Prospective Study on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications in Newly Diagnosed Adult Patients
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Abnormal Glycaemic Fluctuations Associated With Early Microvascular Changes in the Retina and Choroid of Nondiabetic Adults.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Macular Choriocapillaris and Retinal Microvascular Alterations Across the Prediabetes-Early Type 2 Diabetes Continuum.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Clinical phenotypes of type 2 diabetes and their association with microvascular complications in primary care: a cluster analysis.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Metabolic Trajectories Before Diabetes Diagnosis Across Subgroups: A Pooled Analysis of Prospective European Cohort Studies.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Diabetes mellitus as a multisystem disease: understanding subtypes, complications, and the link with steatotic liver diseases in humans.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Review
- Association of Serum Meteorin-Like with OCTA Metrics in Type 2 Diabetic Nonproliferative Retinopathy: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- The novel antidiabetic medications on diabetic retinopathy: relevant molecular mechanisms, advancing diagnostic innovations, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aims/hypothesisOur aim was to detect early structural and functional changes in the macular capillaries using optical coherence tomography angiography during the course of type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, individuals with type 1 diabetes (n=143) or type 2 diabetes (n=197) from the German Diabetes Study (ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT01055093) underwent clinical examination and cluster analysis to identify phenotype-based diabetes subtypes, using BMI, age, HbA
resultsPerfusion density and vessel density of SCP were already reduced at baseline in type 2 diabetes (expected difference compared with control participants: -0.0071, p=0.0276, expected difference: -0.0034, p=0.0184, respectively), especially in participants with severe insulin-deficient and mild obesity-related diabetes. At year 10 only perfusion density of the SCP and DCP was reduced in both type 1 and 2 diabetes (p=0.0365, p=0.0062, respectively). The FAZ was enlarged and the CC FD within the first year increased in type 1 (p=0.0327, p=0.0474, respectively) and more markedly in type 2 diabetes (p=0.0006, p<0.0001). The occurrence of microaneurysms in SCP and DCP was significant at year 5 (p=0.0209, p=0.0279, respectively) and year 10 (p=0.0220, p=0.0007). Presence of microaneurysms in SCP and DCP was associated with decreases in perfusion density and vessel density in both SCP and ICP. Furthermore, microaneurysms were associated with decreased ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer thickness. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationType 2 diabetes already reduces macular perfusion SCP at time of clinical diagnosis, while long-standing diabetes affects both SCP and DCP. The FAZ of the SCP and the CC FD are early indicators of diabetic alterations, with more pronounced changes observed in type 2 diabetes. Microaneurysms in the macular plexus are associated with a decrease of ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer. Subclinical microangiopathy occurs prior to manifestation of diabetic retinopathy, disease-related visual acuity impairment or inner retinal layer thinning.
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