Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40164740›Full record

ArticleNature neuroscience2025

A streaming brain-to-voice neuroprosthesis to restore naturalistic communication.

Kaylo T Littlejohn, Cheol Jun Cho, Jessie R Liu, Alexander B Silva, Bohan Yu, Vanessa R Anderson, Cady M Kurtz-Miott, Samantha Brosler, Anshul P Kashyap, Irina P Hallinan and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. In conversation with Edward Chang.Nature neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Full-Stack Architectures for Intelligent Brain-Computer Interfaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Premotor cortex uses a compositional neural geometry to plan words.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Primate neuroethology: a new synthesis.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Ionic-Bionic Interfaces: Advancing Iontronic Strategies for Bioelectronic Sensing and Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Kaylo T Littlejohn *Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-5066
Cheol Jun Cho *Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Jessie R LiuDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9316-7624
Alexander B SilvaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0838-4136
Bohan YuDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Vanessa R AndersonDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Cady M Kurtz-MiottDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2489-0584
Samantha BroslerDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Anshul P KashyapDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Irina P HallinanDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-1708-8952
Adit ShahDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0586-249X
Adelyn Tu-ChanDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Karunesh GangulyWeill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2570-9943
David A MosesDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5786-5334
Edward F ChangDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. edward.chang@ucsf.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2480-4700
Gopala K AnumanchipalliDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. gopala@berkeley.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-7740

Funding

A Pilot Clinical Trial for Speech NeuroprosthesisU01DC018671 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHANG, EDWARD · 2021 to 2025
$5.6M
Developing a bilingual speech neuroprosthesisF30DC021872 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Alexander Budugur Silva · 2024 to 2026
$139k
NIDCD NIH HHS U01 DC018671U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) 5U01DC018671U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) F30DC021872
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Natural spoken communication happens instantaneously. Speech delays longer than a few seconds can disrupt the natural flow of conversation. This makes it difficult for individuals with paralysis to participate in meaningful dialogue, potentially leading to feelings of isolation and frustration. Here we used high-density surface recordings of the speech sensorimotor cortex in a clinical trial participant with severe paralysis and anarthria to drive a continuously streaming naturalistic speech synthesizer. We designed and used deep learning recurrent neural network transducer models to achieve online large-vocabulary intelligible fluent speech synthesis personalized to the participant's preinjury voice with neural decoding in 80-ms increments. Offline, the models demonstrated implicit speech detection capabilities and could continuously decode speech indefinitely, enabling uninterrupted use of the decoder and further increasing speed. Our framework also successfully generalized to other silent-speech interfaces, including single-unit recordings and electromyography. Our findings introduce a speech-neuroprosthetic paradigm to restore naturalistic spoken communication to people with paralysis.

Indexed as

Brain-Computer InterfacesSensorimotor CortexSpeechVoiceAdultCommunicationCommunication Devices for People with DisabilitiesFemaleHumansMaleParalysis

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.