Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40164596›Full record

ArticleCell death & disease2025

Immune evasion mechanisms in early-stage I high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: insights into regulatory T cell dynamics.

Joanna Mikulak, Sara Terzoli, Paolo Marzano, Valentina Cazzetta, Giampaolo Martiniello, Rocco Piazza, Maria Estefania Viano, Domenico Vitobello, Rosalba Portuesi, Fabio Grizzi and 8 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell death & disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  6. Research Progress of Molecular HDrug design, development and therapy · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Joanna MikulakLaboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. joanna.mikulak@humanitasresearch.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8310-9543
Sara TerzoliLaboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Paolo MarzanoLaboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-4033
Valentina CazzettaLaboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7183-2793
Giampaolo MartinielloDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Rocco PiazzaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
Maria Estefania VianoDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Domenico VitobelloUnit of Gynecology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Rosalba PortuesiUnit of Gynecology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Fabio GrizziDepartment of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Mohamed A A A HegaziDepartment of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Barbara FiamengoUnit of Pathological Anatomy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Gianluca BassoHumanitas Genomic Facility, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Lara ParachiniDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
Laura MannarinoDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
Maurizio D'IncalciDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-1360
Sergio Marchini *Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.
Domenico Mavilio *Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. domenico.mavilio@unimi.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6147-0952

Funding

Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (Italian Foundation for Cancer Research) IG-30381
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mechanisms driving immune evasion in early-stage I high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) remain poorly understood. To investigate this, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis. Our findings revealed a highly immunosuppressive HGSOC microenvironment, characterized by abundant infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Trajectory analysis uncovered differentiation pathways of naïve Tregs, which underwent either activation and proliferation or transcriptional instability. The predicted Treg-cell interaction network, including crosstalk within tumor cells, facilitates Treg mobility and maturation while reinforcing their immunosuppressive function and persistence in the tumor. Moreover, their interactions with immune cells likely inhibit CD8 T cells and antigen-presenting cells, supporting tumor immune escape. Additionally, more immunogenic tumor conditions, marked by IFNγ production, may contribute to Treg destabilization. Our findings underscore the pivotal role of Tregs in early immune evasion of HGSOC and provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting their activity and differentiation fate.

Indexed as

Cystadenocarcinoma, SerousImmune EvasionOvarian NeoplasmsT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryTumor EscapeCell DifferentiationFemaleHumansNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm StagingTumor Microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID40164596
PMCPMC11958665

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.