ReviewRevista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina)2025
Ophthalmoplegia as a Rare Initial Presentation of Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Review in Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Introduction: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) frequently associates immunocompromised patients, specifically in HIV infection, and it has high mortality. Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations are rare in patients with CM, especially internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) or wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO), most of them the result of secondary vasculitis. Case report: A 53-year-old woman with chronic hepatic failure, had sudden drowsiness, diplopia, fever, and internuclear ophthalmoplegia. MRI showed generalized leptomeningeal enhancement plus infratentorial nodular enhancement type in the midbrain and left cerebellar hemisphere. An India ink test was positive for Cryptococcus neoformans. Conclusion: Cryptococcal meningitis causes a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations, but neuro-ophthalmological signs are infrequent. Physicians should consider that these meningitis events are capable of generating symptoms due to intra-axial involvement of the Central Nervous System (CNS) due to vasculitis.
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