ArticleNeurology2025
Grief and Economic Stressors by Sex, Gender, and Education: Associations With Alzheimer Disease-Related Outcomes.
Article in Neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Trends in the Prevalence and Development of Alzheimer's Disease Among the Elderly Chinese Population: A Systematic Review.Revista de neurologia · 2025Pooled it
- Stressful Life Event Exposure Is Associated with Combined Physical and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults.Gerontology · 2026Article
- Grief and Economic Stressors by Sex, Gender, and Education: Associations With Alzheimer Disease-Related Outcomes.Neurology · 2025Article
- Incident traumatic experiences and poor financial well-being: A double hit for cognitive decline?Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesThe prevalence and impact of stressful life events (SLEs) on age-related and Alzheimer disease (AD)-related pathways may depend on social determinants including gender and education. We investigated whether specific SLEs are associated with AD pathology and neurodegeneration and how these associations differ by gender and education.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included cognitively unimpaired participants, most with a family history of sporadic AD, from the ALzheimer's and FAmilies (ALFA) cohort, based in Barcelona, Spain. Participants had available assessments on occurrence and type of lifetime SLEs and lumbar puncture and/or structural MRI. We performed multiple regression analyses to examine the associations of specific SLE type with (1) AD pathologies (CSF phosphorylated tau 181 [p-tau181] and β-amyloid [Aβ] 42/40) and (2) neurodegeneration markers (CSF neurogranin and GM volumes voxel-wise) including interaction and stratification analyses by gender (women/men) and education.
resultsIn total, 1,290 cognitively unimpaired participants (mean age = 59.4 years, range: 48-77 years, 99% White participants, 61% women) were included (393 with lumbar puncture and 1,234 with spectroscopic MRI assessments). Less educated participants and women reported more grief-related and economic-related SLEs. Furthermore, women reported more abuse and reproductive SLEs. Grief-related SLEs were associated with AD and neurodegeneration CSF outcomes while economic SLEs were associated with MRI-based GM outcomes, both in an age-independent manner. Specifically, partner's death was associated with lower Aβ42/40 (B = -5.19; 95% CI -9.61 to -0.76; DISCUSSION: Older adults at risk of cognitive decline with less education and women may be more susceptible to experience more SLEs. Men who have experienced widowhood and unemployment and women who have experienced financial difficulties may benefit from interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.