ArticlePloS one2025
Aerobic exercise and brain structure among military service members and Veterans with varying histories of mild traumatic brain injury: A LIMBIC-CENC exploratory investigation.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo explore associations of recent moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise (MVAE) participation and lifetime mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) history with measures of brain gray matter volumes among military service members and Veterans (SMVs).
methodsParticipants (n = 1,340; aged 41.3 ± 10.3 years; 13% female) were SMV's who participated in the Long-term Impact of Military-relevant Brain Injury Consortium-Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Prospective Longitudinal Study (LIMBIC-CENC PLS). MVAE participation was self-reported via the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and categorized according to current MVAE recommendations (Inactive, Insufficiently Active, Active, and Highly Active). Lifetime mTBI history was queried via validated structured interview and categorized as 0 mTBI, 1-2 mTBIs, 3 + mTBIs. Structural MRI (T1- and T2-weighted images) were used to measure gray matter volumetrics: ventricle-to-brain ratio (VBR); bilateral volumes of the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, cingulate, hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus regions. Multivariable linear regression models were fit to test associations of MVAE participation, mTBI history, and their interaction on each of the volumetric outcomes while controlling for age, sex, education attainment, and PTSD symptoms. Effects were considered statistically significant if the corresponding unstandardized beta (B) and 95% CI did not include 0.
resultsRegarding main effects, participants in the Inactive MVAE group had significantly larger VBR values (worse outcome) than those in the Insufficiently Active group (B[95%CI] = -0.137[-0.260, -0.014]). Interaction effects showed participants with no lifetime mTBIs in the Highly Active group had larger VBR values (worse outcome) when compared to those in the Inactive and Insufficiently Active groups. SMVs with 3 + lifetime mTBIs who were Highly Active also had smaller VBR values (better outcome) when compared to Highly Active SMVs with fewer lifetime mTBIs. There were no other statistically significant differences for MVAE participation, mTBI history, or their interactions.
conclusionsHistory of one or more lifetime mTBIs was not associated with measures of brain gray matter volumes, suggesting that declines in structural brain health are not expected for the most SMVs with mTBI(s). Although MVAE may benefit brain health, a positive association between self-reported MVAE participation and gray matter volumes was not observed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.