Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40163178›Full record

Observational studyInternal and emergency medicine2026

Emergency department opioid prescribing trends among provider types: an analysis of the NHAMCS, 2019-2021.

Carrson French, Jace Jackson, Zach Monahan, Kelly Murray, Micah Hartwell

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Internal and emergency medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Carrson FrenchOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at Cherokee Nation, 19500 E Ross St., Tahlequah, OK, 74464, USA. James.c.french@okstate.edu.ORCID 0009-0007-7117-0428
Jace JacksonOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at Cherokee Nation, 19500 E Ross St., Tahlequah, OK, 74464, USA.
Zach MonahanOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at Cherokee Nation, 19500 E Ross St., Tahlequah, OK, 74464, USA.
Kelly MurrayDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Micah HartwellOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at Cherokee Nation, 19500 E Ross St., Tahlequah, OK, 74464, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite efforts to mitigate high opioid prescription frequencies, previous research showed minimal change within emergency departments (ED) in the United States, and a few studies investigate prescription provider types. Thus, our primary objective was to assess opioid prescribing rates by differing healthcare team members using data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). Using the 2019-2021 NHAMCS, we calculated the overall opioid prescription rate during ED visits by provider type. Next, we estimated opioid prescription rates by provider type annually and determined differences by year using design-based X

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidDrug PrescriptionsEmergency Service, HospitalPractice Patterns, Physicians'AdultFemaleHealth Care SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedUnited StatesAnalgesics, OpioidEmergency Department (ED)NHAMCSOpioidsPrescribingProvider

Identifiers

PMID40163178

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.