ArticleBioconjugate chemistry2025
Introducing TAPY as a Versatile Alternative to TPP for Selective Mitochondrial Targeting in Cancer Cells.
Article in Bioconjugate chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Irreversible NADH Cleavage by a Mitochondria-Targeted Metal-Free Photoredox Sensitizer with Activity in Cancer Cells.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2026Article
- Fluorescent TAPY-bodipy dyads as tools for imaging fungal mitochondria by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Microwave-assisted synthesis of new triangulenium dyes for lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM).Scientific reports · 2025Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
The understanding of diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's, along with natural aging processes, heavily relies on the study of mitochondrial function. Optical techniques like fluorescence imaging microscopy are pivotal for this purpose, enabling precise mapping of subcellular structures, including mitochondria. In this study, we explored TAPY (triarylpyridinium) cations, a novel family of mitochondrial carriers resembling the well-known triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP). Six TAPY-bodipy (BDP) dyads were prepared and chemically characterized. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) studies demonstrated that the systems were delivered selectively to the mitochondria of cancer cells (MCF-7, A549, HT-29). Remarkably, these dyads did not target the mitochondria of normal cells (HEK-293, HMEC-1), suggesting their potential use in distinguishing cancerous cells from healthy ones. A model compound comprised of the same bodipy cargo but attached to TPP was also synthesized and tested. Notably, in preliminary comparative assays with MCF-7 cells, the dyad TAPY(OMe)-BDP outperformed the TPP derivative in mitochondrial imaging, achieving twice the final fluorescence intensity. The potential chemical diversity achievable with TAPY cations is considerable, with many derivatives being accessible starting from readily available commercial products. This implies that, based on the strategy outlined in this study, carefully optimized TAPY derivatives for targeted mitochondrial delivery could potentially be developed in the future as alternatives or complements to TPP, with the present work acting as a proof of concept.
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