Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40161953›Full record

ArticleACS central science2025

Polyacrylamide-Based Antimicrobial Copolymers to Replace or Rescue Antibiotics.

Shoshana C Williams, Madeline B Chosy, Carolyn K Jons, Changxin Dong, Alexander N Prossnitz, Xinyu Liu, Hector Lopez Hernandez, Lynette Cegelski, Eric A Appel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS central science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shoshana C WilliamsDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5669-6340
Madeline B ChosyDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Carolyn K JonsDepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2322-6726
Changxin DongDepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9214-747X
Alexander N ProssnitzDepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-6943
Xinyu LiuDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-9483
Hector Lopez HernandezDepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Lynette CegelskiDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-1814
Eric A AppelSarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2301-7126

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antibiotics save countless lives each year and have dramatically improved human health outcomes since their introduction in the 20th century. Unfortunately, bacteria are now developing resistance to antibiotics at an alarming rate, with many new strains of "superbugs" showing simultaneous resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. To mitigate the global burden of antimicrobial resistance, we must develop new antibiotics that are broadly effective, safe, and highly stable to enable global access. In this manuscript, we report the development of polyacrylamide-based copolymers as a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics with efficacy against several critical pathogens. We demonstrate that these copolymer drugs are selective for bacteria over mammalian cells, indicating a favorable safety profile. We show that they kill bacteria through a membrane disruption mechanism, which allows them to overcome traditional mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. Finally, we demonstrate their ability to rehabilitate an existing small-molecule antibiotic that is highly subject to resistance development by improving its potency and eliminating the development of resistance in a combination treatment. This work represents a significant step toward combating antimicrobial resistance.

Identifiers

PMID40161953
PMCPMC11950845

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.