Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40161088›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Delayed Diagnosis of Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome in a 10-Year-Old Female Child With TREX1 Mutation: A Case Report.

Leen Al Zayer, Mustafa Al Zayer, Abdulrahman Alrujaib, Asal Buhasan, Raafat Hamad Seroor H Jadah

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Leen Al ZayerSchool of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Busaiteen, BHR.
Mustafa Al ZayerMedicine, St Mary's Hospital, Newport, GBR.
Abdulrahman AlrujaibSchool of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Busaiteen, BHR.
Asal BuhasanSchool of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Busaiteen, BHR.
Raafat Hamad Seroor H JadahPediatric Neurology, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Riffa, BHR.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a rare hereditary autoinflammatory disease of subacute encephalopathy, characterized by a wide range of neurological and extra-neurological manifestations, primarily affecting the brain and skin. Key features include increased expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), acquired microcephaly, dystonia, spasticity, chilblains, and panniculitis. Radiological findings include cerebral calcifications, leukodystrophy, cerebral atrophy, and cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities such as chronic lymphocytosis and elevated interferon-alpha (INF-α) levels. Seven pathogenic genes have been identified in association with AGS. The management of AGS is primarily supportive, as there is currently no definitive cure for the condition. The primary goals are to address symptoms, improve quality of life, and prevent complications. The aim of this study was to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of this rare genetic condition, as timely identification enables prompt intervention and management. Early diagnosis improves clinical outcomes, enhances the quality of life for affected individuals, and provides valuable guidance for family planning and genetic counseling.

Indexed as

aicardi goutières syndromegenetic diseaseneurologypediatricstrex1 mutation

Identifiers

PMID40161088
PMCPMC11953621

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.