Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40160817›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025

The role of immune regulation in HBV infection and hepatocellular carcinogenesis.

Hailong Zheng, Bingchen Xu, Yiyu Fan, Aekkachai Tuekprakhon, Zania Stamataki, Fei Wang

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. HBV/HCV coinfection and anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: from risk assessment and exploration of mechanisms to preventive considerations.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hailong ZhengDepartment of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic, and Spleen Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
Bingchen XuDepartment of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic, and Spleen Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
Yiyu FanCentre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, School of Infection, Inflammation & Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Aekkachai TuekprakhonDepartment of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic, and Spleen Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
Zania StamatakiCentre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, School of Infection, Inflammation & Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Fei WangDepartment of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic, and Spleen Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a well-documented independent risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Consequently, extensive research has focused on elucidating the mechanisms by which HBV induces hepatocarcinogenesis. The majority of studies are dedicated to understanding how HBV DNA integration into the host genome, viral RNA expression, and the resulting protein transcripts affect cellular processes and promote the malignant transformation of hepatocytes. However, considering that most acute HBV infections are curable, immune suppression potentially contributes to the critical challenges in the treatment of chronic infections. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial in immune tolerance. Understanding the interplay of Tregs within the liver microenvironment following HBV infection could offer novel therapeutic approaches for treating HBV infections and preventing HBV-related HCC. Two viewpoints to targeting Tregs in the liver microenvironment include means of reducing their inhibitory function and decreasing Treg frequency. As these strategies may disrupt the immune balance and lead to autoimmune responses, careful and comprehensive profiling of the patient's immunological status and genetic factors is required to successfully employ this promising therapeutic approach.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularHepatitis BHepatitis B virusLiver NeoplasmsT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryAnimalsCarcinogenesisHumansTumor MicroenvironmentHBV infectionhepatitis B virushepatocellular carcinomaimmune cellsregulatory T cells

Identifiers

PMID40160817
PMCPMC11949809

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.