ArticleQuantitative imaging in medicine and surgery2025
Comparative analysis of the International Society of Lymphology and Taiwan Lymphoscintigraphy Staging systems: correlation, reliability, and a quantitative severity index in extremity lymphedema.
Article in Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Potential utilization of lymphoscintigraphy in patients with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Lymphedema imaging and AI: A review of diagnostic modalities, biomarkers, and clinical integration.Biomedical journal · 2026Review
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The accurate assessment and staging of lymphedema are critical for effective management. This study sought to compare the International Society of Lymphology (ISL) staging system with the Taiwan Lymphoscintigraphy Staging (TLS) system, and to evaluate the reliability of both lymphedema staging systems. Methods: A retrospective study of patients with primary or secondary extremity lymphedema was conducted. Lymphedema was staged using both the ISL staging system and the TLS system. The correlation between the systems was analyzed using the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and the inter- and intra-observer reliability of the TLS system was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A severity index based on limb circumference differences adjusted for body mass index (BMI) was also developed, and its correlation with both staging systems was verified by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis. Results: In total, 50 patients (mean age: 56.1±12.9 years, BMI: 24.7±3.6 kg/m Conclusions: The ISL staging system and the TLS system showed strong agreement and reliability. The TLS system, with its quantitative imaging approach, is particularly suited for research, while the ISL staging system remains useful for routine clinical practice. The severity index offers an effective quantitative measure for assessing lymphedema severity.
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