ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2025
Effect of age on the association of obstructive sleep apnea with metabolic syndrome among obese and nonobese adults.
Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Untargeted metabolomics identifies altered metabolome contributing to hypertension in late adolescents.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- The Natural History of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Age matters: the differential impact of OSA on metabolic health by age group.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesIt has been described a bi-directional association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), both promoting atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Given that cardiometabolic comorbidities associated with OSA tend to diminish with age, in this study we examined whether the association of OSA with MetS is modified by age and body weight.
methodsWe studied 1,741 adults from the Penn State Adult Cohort (age 20-88 years) who underwent a 1-night polysomnography, clinical history, and physical examination in a cross-sectional design. The presence of OSA was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 15 events/h. Outcome variables include the 5 MetS components (obesity [≥ 30kg/m
resultsThere was a significant interaction between OSA and age on MetS. In young and middle-aged individuals (< 60 years old) but not in older individuals, OSA was significantly associated with MetS and its individual components, ie, hypertension (odds ratio [OR] = 3.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.95-7.63), hyperglycemia (OR = 5.62, 95% CI = 2.74-11.53), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 5.99, 95% CI = 2.36-15.21), and hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 4.75, 95% CI = 2.30-9.90). The association of OSA with body mass index was stronger in the young and middle-aged vs older group (OR = 6.03, 95% CI = 3.08-11.78 vs 2.47, 95% CI = 1.23-4.94, respectively). Similar age-related modifications were observed in nonobese individuals.
conclusionsThe strong association of OSA with MetS in young and middle-aged obese and nonobese adults, but not in older adults, suggests that MetS is key to the pathogenesis of OSA in young and middle-aged adults and should be a treatment priority. CITATION: Pejovic S, Vgontzas AN, Fernandez-Mendoza J, He F, Li Y, Bixler EO. Effect of age on the association of obstructive sleep apnea with metabolic syndrome among obese and nonobese adults.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.