ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2025
Opioid-Induced Myoclonus During Premedication in Two Dogs With Hydrocephalus Proactively Managed With Antiepileptic Medications.
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Myoclonus as a neurologic manifestation of hypoglycemia in dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Phenotypic characterization of presumptive propriospinal myoclonus in young dogs (2013-2025).Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This report describes opioid-induced neurotoxicity (OIN) in two dogs with hydrocephalus undergoing the investigation of recurrent seizures; in both dogs, myoclonus occurred following premedication with butorphanol and remifentanil and resolved following the administration of midazolam. Thorough clinical evaluation excluded underlying systemic disease and increased intracranial pressure as possible causes, and opioid-induced modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibitory and dopaminergic interneurons was assumed. Benzodiazepines, like midazolam, enhanced GABA and appeared to be effective in managing these symptoms. The findings suggest that even at therapeutic doses, certain opioids can cause OIN in dogs. Caution is advised when using opioids, particularly in dogs with pre-existing central nervous system disorders, and further research is needed to better understand dosage effects and alternative treatment options for OIN prevention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.