Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40157590›Full record

ArticleBiological psychiatry2026

Neurochemical and Circuit Heterogeneity of Cognition-Modulating Prefrontal Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Neurons.

Spencer K Cooke, Andrea J Martin, Robert C Spencer, Shannon E Nicol, Craig W Berridge

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biological psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Spencer K CookeDepartment of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Andrea J MartinDepartment of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Robert C SpencerDepartment of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Shannon E NicolDepartment of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Craig W BerridgeDepartment of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin. Electronic address: berridge@wisc.edu.

Funding

Prefrontal CRF and the Regulation of Goal Directed BehaviorR01MH116526 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI CRAIG W BERRIDGE · 2018 to 2026
$4.8M
Neuroscience Training ProgramT32NS105602 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Ari Rosenberg · 2019 to 2026
$2.5M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH116526NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS105602
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImpairment of prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent cognition is associated with multiple psychiatric disorders. Development of more effective treatments for this form of cognitive dysfunction is hindered by our limited understanding of the neurobiology underlying PFC-dependent cognition. We previously identified a robust population of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neurons in the caudal dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC) of rats that impair both working memory and sustained attention. Although the working memory actions of these neurons involved local CRF release, the sustained attention actions did not. These results suggest potential heterogeneity within this population of CRF neurons, including the potential existence of both GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acidergic) (CRF

methodsImmunohistochemical analyses first identified both CRF

resultsCRF

conclusionsThese results advance our understanding of the neurobiology of PFC-dependent cognition and potential mechanisms through which cognitive dysfunction could arise.

Indexed as

CognitionCorticotropin-Releasing HormoneMemory, Short-TermNeuronsPrefrontal CortexAnimalsAttentionFemaleGABAergic NeuronsInterneuronsMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyCorticotropin-Releasing HormoneCRFCRHExecutive functionPFCSustained attentionWorking memory

Identifiers

PMID40157590
PMCPMC12354035

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.