ArticleJournal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.]2025
Evaluation of Polymerization Shrinkage, Microhardness, and Depth of Cure of Different Types of Bulk-Fill Composites.
Article in Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.], 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cariogenic Risk Modifies the Effect of Marginal Adaptation on Caries Adjacent to Posterior Composite Restorations: A Stratified Multivariate Analysis.Clinics and practice · 2026Article
- Influence of high-power light-curing modes on the mechanical and optical properties of no-cap bulk-fill resin composites.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Effect of Composite Viscosity, Cavity Type, and Placement Technique on Microleakage in Stamp Technique Restorations: An In Vitro Study.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Do Different Durations of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Affect the Microleakage of Bulk-Fill Composites?Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Next-Gen Restorative Materials to Revolutionise Smiles.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A Narrative Review of the Material Properties, Clinical Efficacy, and Developmental Prospects of Bulk-Fill Resin-Based Composites.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2026Review
- Effect of Moving the Tip of the Light Curing Unit on the Irradiance Value Delivered.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- Effect of Beveling Large Class II Cavities on the Enamel Marginal Quality of Direct Resin-Based Restorations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to quantify polymerization shrinkage, microhardness, and depth of cure of different types of bulk-fill composites.
methodsSix bulk-fill composites were tested: SonicFill 2 (SCF), VisCalor (VVC), Admira Fusion x-tra (AFX), Filtek Bulk Fill (FBF), Fill-Up! (FUP) and GrandioSO Heavy Flow (GHF). Sixty teeth were divided into twelve groups (n = 5) according to the composite and the irradiation level applied (standard or high). Each tooth was subjected to three scans using a micro-computed tomography device. The microhardness of the composite specimens was measured using a Vickers hardness tester. Depth of cure analysis was performed by measuring the microhardness of the composites at 0.5 mm intervals from the top surface to the bottom surface.
resultsThe highest volumetric shrinkage was found in the AFX group when polymerized at standard irradiance. After curing, the AFX group showed the highest void ratio. Increasing irradiance significantly increased volumetric shrinkage and void ratio only in the SCF group (p < 0.05). GHF achieved the maximum microhardness value of 80% at the lowest curing depth of 2.9 mm, while VVC, AFX, and SCF showed a curing depth of more than 5 mm (p < 0.05).
conclusionsThe high irradiance caused the most significant volumetric shrinkage and void ratio in the SCF group. Only the FUP and GHF groups were unable to achieve the desired curing depth of 4 mm. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Irradiance, material types, and thickness are important factors in the polymerization of composites.
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