ArticleScientific reports2025
Global, regional, and national epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis among people aged 20-54 years from 1990 to 2021.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- 2024 Update of the Asia-Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR) Recommendations for Rheumatoid Arthritis Management.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Guideline
- Effectiveness of metformin as an adjunctive therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC rheumatology · 2026Pooled it
- Gastrointestinal adverse events among methotrexate users in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Pooled it
- Exosomes as Cellular Communicators and Therapeutic Agents in Orthopedic Diseases: From Mechanisms to Intervention.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Pooled it
- Curcumin for the clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Home-based respiratory-gated transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for rheumatoid arthritis-a feasibility study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Trial
- Article
- Fertility and Birth Outcomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review.Rheumatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Clinical evidence on integrated Chinese-Western medicine for rheumatoid arthritis.Integrative medicine research · 2026Article
- Article
- Rheumatoid arthritis burden in 129 low- and middle-income countries from 1990 to 2023.iScience · 2026Article
- Bone Health in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Update.Current rheumatology reports · 2026Review
- Potential preventive role of low-dose methotrexate against incident recorded psychosis: a retrospective cohort study based on electronic health records.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Arthritis and longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms and cognition in middle-aged and older adults: a prospective tri-cohort study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Psychological Aspects of Rheumatic Diseases: Psychorheumatology in Clinical Practice.Rheumatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Proteomic and glycosylation biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis: advancing early diagnosis and precision therapy.Clinical proteomics · 2026Review
- Association between thyroid peroxidase antibodies and rheumatoid arthritis: insights from genetic and population-based evidence.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Assessing rheumatoid arthritis prevalence from 1990 to 2040: viewing global inequities through the lens of sociodemographic development.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Global burden and inequalities of rheumatoid arthritis in adults aged 15-49 years from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050: a cross-sectional analysis from Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A comparative review of pathophysiology, diagnosis and evolving management.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a global epidemic. We conducted a cross-sectional study using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 dataset to examine RA trends in patients aged 20-54 years worldwide. Key outcomes included incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), as well as trends over time, stratifying by region, country, age, sex, and Sociodemographic Index (SDI). We also assessed the contribution of smoking to RA-related mortality and DALYs. Over the past 32 years, the global RA-related incidence rate increased from 11.66 (95% UI 9.60-13.94) to 13.48 (95% UI 11.08-16.06) per 100,000 population. RA-related DALYs rate increased from 26.37 (95% UI 18.43-36.99) to 30.71 (95% UI 20.82-44.08) per 100,000 population, with females bearing a higher burden. And the RA-related mortality rate decreased from 0.09 (95% UI 0.08-0.1) to 0.06 (95% UI 0.05-0.07) per 100,000 population. Regional disparities were evident, with lower SDI regions experiencing the larger change. Smoking remained a significant risk factor, accounting for 9.01% of RA-related mortality in 2021. Overall, we highlighted the rising global burden of RA, particularly among females and in lower SDI regions, emphasizing disparities in healthcare resources, prevention, and early diagnosis.
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