Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40153149›Full record

SynthesisBiological trace element research2025

Chemical Components in the Breast Milk of Passive Smoker Women: A Systematic Review and Health Risks Assessment.

Nazila Moftian, Hossein Arfaeinia, Farshid Soleimani, Sara Dadipoor, Somayyeh Dehghani, Nayereh Rezaie Rahimi, Maryam Aghel, Mohammad Mahdi Hatami

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Biological trace element research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Nazila MoftianAssistant Professor of Health Information Management, Bushehr University of Medical Science, Bushehr, Iran.
Hossein ArfaeiniaAddiction and Lifestyle Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Farshid SoleimaniTobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. f.soleimani72@yahoo.com.
Sara DadipoorTobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Somayyeh DehghaniAssistant Professor of Environmental Health Engineering, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Nayereh Rezaie RahimiDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Maryam AghelStudent Research and Technology Committee of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Mohammad Mahdi HatamiStudent Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast milk from passive smokers may contain various harmful chemical components, primarily due to exposure to tobacco smoke. This systematic review was conducted on the chemical components of breast milk in women who were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). English language-published papers were advanced searched without time limitation until April, 2024 in Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases. A total of 1156 papers were recorded in the initial search of these databases. Finally, 18 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included. Our results showed that metals (n = 10) and heterocyclic compounds (n = 9) (cotinine, nicotine, and nornicotine) were the most commonly reported compounds in the included studies. Cotinine was the most frequently reported compound in mature milk (n = 9) and colostrum (n = 3). Among metals in mature milk, cadmium (n = 8) and lead (n = 6) are the most common compounds. Metals in colostrum were just reported in one study. The cancer risk (CR) values showed a decreasing pattern in the order of Sr > Mn > U > Co > Pb > Cr > As > Cd > Be for both aged infant groups. Parents should be encouraged to not smoke, as well as must be advised of the potential risks of ETS exposure to their babies. It is recommended that routine and continuous monitoring of probable sources of chemical contamination of breast milk due to environmental exposures should be done to discover the influencing factors and develop suitable interventions for decreasing the exposure/contamination.

Indexed as

Milk, HumanTobacco Smoke PollutionCotinineFemaleHumansRisk AssessmentCotinineTobacco Smoke PollutionBreast milkChemicalsEnvironment tobacco smokePassive smoking

Identifiers

PMID40153149

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.