ArticleImmunotherapy2025
Incidence and impact of immune combination therapies adverse events in advanced renal cell carcinoma patients.
Article in Immunotherapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of the latest progress of drug resistance and clinical application of immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma in the past five years based on bibliometrics.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Asthenia in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs): the MOUSEION-11 systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune (IO)-combination therapies have revolutionized the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) but are more frequently associated with adverse events (AEs) compared to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) alone. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the incidence and prognostic significance of AEs in patients receiving combination therapies.
methodsWe included patients treated with nivolumab/ipilimumab (NI), nivolumab/cabozantinib (NC), or pembrolizumab/axitinib (PA) at four Italian oncology centers between November 2023 and June 2024. The impact of AEs on progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), overall response, and disease control rate were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression.
resultsAEs occurred in 78.8% of NI, 87.9% of NC, and 92.3% of PA patients. Grade 3-4 AEs were more common in IO-TKI vs. IO-IO combinations (32.9% vs. 15.1%,
conclusionAEs are common in ICI-based therapies for RCC. While they do not negatively affect survival, their management, especially through dose reductions or steroids, may improve outcomes.
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