Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40150879›Full record

ReviewFEBS open bio2025

Bioengineering facets of the tumor microenvironment in 3D tumor models: insights into cellular, biophysical and biochemical interactions.

Salma T Rafik, Deniz Bakkalci, Alexander J MacRobert, Umber Cheema

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in FEBS open bio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Integrin-Linked Kinase Inhibitors in Bioengineered 3D Breast Tumor Stroma Models.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
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  3. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Salma T RafikUCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Charles Bell House, University College London, UK.
Deniz BakkalciUCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Charles Bell House, University College London, UK.
Alexander J MacRobertUCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Charles Bell House, University College London, UK.
Umber CheemaUCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Charles Bell House, University College London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9717-0633

Funding

Egyptian Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The hallmarks of cancer extend beyond genetic anomalies to encompass a sophisticated tumor microenvironment, involving interactions between cancer and non-cancer cells within a dynamic biophysical setting, influencing cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment is multifaceted, and it is increasingly clear that the interaction and interdependence of these different facets need to be better understood. Tissue engineering of 3D in vitro models of the tumor microenvironment provides an opportunity to study these interactions and their interdependence on cancer progression. Cancer metastasis still poses a major challenge, accounting for 90% of cancer-related deaths. This accentuates the critical need to establish patient-specific model systems that replicate tumor complexity at all stages of progression. Herein, we outline the latest advancements of in vitro 3D models of the tumor microenvironment and the different tools utilized to analyze such models. Henceforth, the interaction of the multifaceted tumor microenvironment can be elucidated using such sophisticated in vitro tools.

Indexed as

BioengineeringNeoplasmsTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsHumansModels, BiologicalTissue Engineering3D modelscancertissue engineeringtumor microenvironmenttumor‐stroma interaction

Identifiers

PMID40150879
PMCPMC12485819

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.