ReviewBiomedicines2025
Cytokine Signaling in Diabetic Neuropathy: A Key Player in Peripheral Nerve Damage.
Review in Biomedicines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Preclinical Evidence of Extracellular Vesicle-derived MicroRNAs in Relieving Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Pooled it
- Oral, intravenous, or sequential alpha-lipoic acid for diabetic peripheral neuropathy? A Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Press needle combined with plum blossom needle improves diabetic peripheral neuropathy by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Trial
- Longitudinal assessment of metabolic and neurological decline in peripheral polyneuropathy over ten years.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Severity of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Is Linked to Increasing Levels of Circulating Proinflammatory Cytokines.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Observational
- Modeling Diabetic Neuropathy: Injury Biomarkers for Early Detection Through Neuronal and Glial In Vitro Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- IRF2 exacerbates diabetic neuropathic pain by promoting high glucose-induced M1 polarization through IL-6/STAT3.Genes & genomics · 2026Article
- Diabetes exacerbates experimental peri-implantitis in mice with elevated IL-17A-associated inflammation and IL-17F upregulation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Schwann cell derived extracellular vesicles are multifunctional nanotherapeutic mediators for diabetic oral mucosal wound healing.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Heterophyllin B ameliorates diabetic lower limb ischemia by inhibiting SMOX to activate the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Uridine Improves Locomotor Activity and Sciatic Nerve Integrity in a Mouse Model of Diabetes Mellitus.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Review
- Combined Circulating microRNA and Inflammatory Cytokine Profiles Improve Disease-Stage Discrimination of Charcot Foot in Egyptian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- From anthelmintic to neurotherapeutic: exploring the regenerative potential of niclosamide in sciatic nerve injury.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into the role of salicin in mitigating oxidative and inflammatory pathways of diabetic complications.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Cytokine storm in severe bacterial infections: A Mini-Review of molecular insights and treatment strategies.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Biochemical-Cellular crosstalk in diabetes: exploring pathways driving microvascular complications.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Progress on hydrogel delivery systems targeting metabolism disorders in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by progressive nerve damage driven by chronic hyperglycemia and systemic inflammation. The pathophysiology of DPN is significantly influenced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. These cytokines promote oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and neuronal degeneration by activating important signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK. While IL-6 promotes a pro-inflammatory microenvironment, increasing neuronal damage and neuropathic pain, TNF-α and IL-1β worsen Schwann cell failure by compromising axonal support and causing demyelination. Immune cell infiltration and TLR activation increase the inflammatory cascade in DPN, resulting in a persistent neuroinflammatory state that sustains peripheral nerve injury. The main characteristics of DPN are axonal degeneration, decreased neurotrophic support, and Schwann cell dysfunction, which weaken nerve transmission and increase susceptibility to damage. Advanced glycation end-products, TNF-α, and CXCL10 are examples of biomarkers that may be used for early diagnosis and disease progression monitoring. Additionally, crucial molecular targets have been found using proteomic and transcriptome techniques, enabling precision medicine for the treatment of DPN. This review emphasizes the importance of cytokine signaling in the pathogenesis of DPN and how cytokine-targeted treatments might reduce inflammation, restore nerve function, and improve clinical outcomes for diabetic patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.