Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40149563›Full record

ReviewBiomedicines2025

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: Potential Applications in Human Infertility Caused by Hormonal Imbalance, External Damage, or Immune Factors.

Katerina Kavaldzhieva, Nikola Mladenov, Maya Markova, Kalina Belemezova

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomedicines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Katerina KavaldzhievaDepartment of Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0009-0008-9434-2867
Nikola MladenovDepartment of Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0003-3640-2485
Maya MarkovaDepartment of Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Kalina BelemezovaDepartment of Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0001-5000-5748

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a source of a wide range of soluble factors, including different proteins, growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and DNA and RNA molecules, in addition to numerous secondary metabolites and byproducts of their metabolism. MSC secretome can be formally divided into secretory and vesicular parts, both of which are very important for intercellular communication and are involved in processes such as angiogenesis, proliferation, and immunomodulation. Exosomes are thought to have the same content and function as the MSCs from which they are derived, but they also have a number of advantages over stem cells, including low immunogenicity, unaltered functional activity during freezing and thawing, and a lack of tumor formation. In addition, MSC pre-treatment with various inflammatory factors or hypoxia can alter their secretomes so that it can be modified into a more effective treatment. Paracrine factors secreted by MSCs improve the survival of other cell populations by several mechanisms, including immunomodulatory (mostly anti-inflammatory) activity and anti-apoptotic activity partly based on Hsp27 upregulation. Reproductive medicine is one of the fields in which this cell-free approach has been extensively researched. This review presents the possible applications and challenges of using MSC secretome in the treatment of infertility. MSCs and their secretions have been shown to have beneficial effects in various models of female and male infertility resulting from toxic damage, endocrine disorders, trauma, infectious agents, and autoimmune origin.

Indexed as

anti-apoptotic activityexosomesimmunomodulatory functionsinfertilitymesenchymal stem cellsparacrine signalingsecretometissue repair and regeneration

Identifiers

PMID40149563
PMCPMC11940137

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.