ReviewExperimental hematology & oncology2025
The clinical landscape of CAR NK cells.
Review in Experimental hematology & oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cells in treatment of ovarian cancer. A meta-analysis of pre-clinical studies.Immunologic research · 2026Pooled it
- PTPN22 as a novel therapeutic target: a key intracellular checkpoint for NK cell therapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- IL-15 boosts mesothelin- and CD70-CAR NK cell potency in PDAC without added benefit from dual targeting.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- NK cell immunotherapy after analytic treatment interruption is associated with HIV viral control.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Anti-BCMA CAR-NK Cells Reveal Enhanced Cytolytic and Secretory Responses Against Myeloma Cells.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Natural killer cells against viral infection: from basic biology to immunotherapy.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Nanomaterials Drive In Vivo CAR Immune Cells Engineering.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Next-generation programmable cell therapies for precision medicine.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Innate Immune Cells in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Roles in Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Responses.Cancer innovation · 2026Review
- Cell-Type-Tailored Hydrogels for Adoptive Cell Therapy in Cancer.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Implications of Rho GTPase signaling in cancer immunotherapy.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Peptidoglycan-loaded PLGA-PVA nanoparticles sustain NOD2 and IFN-γ transcription in NK-92 cells beyond nanoparticle withdrawal.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Engineered PD1-NKG2D Dual-CAR NK92 cells broaden antitumor target recognition in preclinical tumor models.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Safety and feasibility of 5T4 antibody-coupled allogeneic NK cell therapy for solid tumors: a first-in-human phase 1 trial.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Leveraging multimodal cancer immunotherapy to amplify the efficacy of oncolytic viruses.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Immune Cell-Based Therapies for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Latest Advancements and Directions.Cancers · 2026Review
- Bispecific CAR T and CAR NK cells in dual-threat immunotherapy: opportunities and challenges.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Immune Cell Therapy Promises More Effective Cure for Medulloblastoma.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Next-generation CAR-NK cell therapy: engineering strategies, translational challenges, and future perspectives in cancer immunotherapy.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Natural Killer Cells: Dual Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Sclerosis Immunopathogenesis.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Review
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) NK cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative to CAR T cell therapy, offering significant advantages in terms of safety and versatility. Here we explore the current clinical landscape of CAR NK cells, and their application in hematologic malignancies and solid cancers, as well as their potential for treating autoimmune disorders. Our analysis draws from data collected from 120 clinical trials focused on CAR NK cells, and presents insights into the demographics and characteristics of these studies. We further outline the specific targets and diseases under investigation, along with the major cell sources, genetic modifications, combination strategies, preconditioning- and dosing regimens, and manufacturing strategies being utilized. Initial results from 16 of these clinical trials demonstrate promising efficacy of CAR NK cells, particularly in B cell malignancies, where response rates are comparable to those seen with CAR T cells but with lower rates of severe adverse effects, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). However, challenges remain in solid tumor applications, where only modest efficacy has been observed to date. Our analysis reveals that research is increasingly focused on enhancing CAR NK cell persistence, broadening their therapeutic targets, and refining manufacturing processes to improve accessibility and scalability. With recent advancements in NK cell engineering and their increased clinical applications, CAR NK cells are predicted to become an integral component of next-generation immunotherapies, not only for cancer but potentially for immune-mediated diseases as well.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.