SynthesisNeurosurgical review2025
Exploit the γ-Glutamyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green fluorescence in surgical resection: A systematic literature review on clinical indications, fields of application and outcomes.
Synthesis in Neurosurgical review, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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15 authors.
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Abstract
γ-Glutamyl Hydroxymethyl Rhodamine Green (γ-GHRG) fluorescence is a novel fluorescent agent used to enhance tissue visualization during surgical resections, especially in oncological procedures. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of γ-GHRG fluorescence in improving tumor margin detection, reducing recurrence rates, and enhancing surgical precision. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to February 2024, following PRISMA guidelines. A total of 23 studies investigating the use of γ-GHRG fluorescence in surgical resection were included. Data on tumor visualization, surgical margin detection, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. The included studies demonstrated that γ-GHRG fluorescence significantly improved tumor visualization in a variety of cancers, including ovarian cancer (26.1%), breast cancer (8.7%), lung cancer (8.7%), colorectal cancer (8.7%), kidney cancer (8.7%), head and neck cancer (8.7%), esophageal and gastric cancer (8.7%), prostate cancer (8.7%), brain tumors (gliomas) (4.3%), and liver cancer (4.3%). The probe's high specificity for γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), which is overexpressed in cancer cells, enabled real-time visualization of tumor margins, allowing for more precise resections. Studies also reported shorter surgical times and lower recurrence rates, particularly in high-grade tumors such as gliomas (4.3%). Although the results are promising, issues related to false positives, tissue specificity, and long-term safety were noted. γ-GHRG fluorescence shows significant potential in enhancing surgical outcomes by providing real-time guidance during tumor resections. Its high specificity for GGT and rapid fluorescence activation make it a valuable tool in cancer surgery. However, further clinical studies are required to address challenges related to sensitivity, specificity, and long-term safety, as well as to explore its application across different cancer types and surgical settings.
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