ReviewGene therapy2026
Organoids - the future of pre-clinical development of AAV gene therapy for CNS disorders.
Review in Gene therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Long-term daily light exposure boosts human retinal organoid differentiation.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Lateral Geniculate Nucleus Volume Assessment Using Linear Mixed Model in Moderate and Advanced Retinitis Pigmentosa.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- AAV-based gene therapies for neovascular AMD.Gene therapy · 2026Review
- Advances in neural organoids: structural organization, disease modeling, and applications in gene therapy.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Trends in the Engineering of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) for Precision Gene Delivery to the Central Nervous System (CNS).International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Causal inference and digital twins: a roadmap for the future of clinical trials.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Review
- Retinal organoids: current status of development and new avenues for application in disease modeling, drug discovery and therapeutics.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Review
- The delivery challenge of adeno-associated virus vector-based gene therapies for neurological diseases.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Synergistic enhancement of AAV gene delivery in 2D cells and 3D organoids using polybrene and hydroxychloroquine.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Advancements in our understanding of genetic disease and adeno-associated virus has prompted great excitement into the field of AAV-mediated gene therapy, particularly for genetic diseases of the central nervous system, including retinal disorders. Despite significant progress, exemplified by the approval of therapies such as Luxturna® and Zolgensma®, a substantial number of therapies remain in pre-clinical or early clinical stages, with many failing to advance to later phases. Whilst the use of animal models to test safety and delivery route efficacy of AAV treatments is imperative, differences in tissue structure and physiology between humans and animal models has restricted precise disease modelling and gene therapy development for many CNS disorders. Alongside the FDA push for non-animal alternative models, researchers are increasingly turning to human-based models, including stem cell-derived organoids, which can offer a more accurate representation of human cellular microenvironments and niches. As such, this review explores the advantages and limitations of brain and retinal organoids as pre-clinical models of disease, with a primary focus on their utility in identifying novel AAV capsids, cell-specific promoters, and their role in recent pre-clinical AAV gene therapy studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.