ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2025
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Nigella damascena.
Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Nigella damascena L., a botanical species native to the Mediterranean region, is known for its biosynthesis of a spectrum of secondary metabolites including alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids. These chemical constituents, present in both seed extracts and essential oils, exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties including antimicrobial, molluscicidal, estrogenic, analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity. In particular, the essential oil profile is predominantly characterized by the presence of β-elemene and damascenine, an alkaloid, which have been the subject of extensive research into their biological functionalities.Genetic engineering, particularly through genetic transformation, offers opportunities to gain new knowledge for a better understanding of biological processes and then to improve crop traits. The use of Agrobacterium-mediated (Rhizobium-mediated) transformation is a common method for the delivery of vectors with T-DNA constructs containing genes of interest or other elements required for genome editing, usually accompanied by selection or reporter genes such as uidA (gus) coding for β-glucuronidase. The refinement of transformation protocols has enabled the efficient delivery of complex DNA constructs.This chapter describes a systematic protocol for the successful genetic transformation of Nigella using Agrobacterium. These efforts resulted in a remarkable transformation efficiency of 67%, as determined by GUS staining of callus clumps. As a complementary step in this experimental framework, the successful regeneration of N. damascena plants is also demonstrated.
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