Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40146201›Full record

ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2025

Engaging End Users to Inform the Design and Social Marketing Strategy for a Web-Based Sexually Transmitted Infection/Blood-Borne Virus (STI/BBV) Testing Service for Young People in Victoria, Australia: Qualitative Study.

Ethan T Cardwell, Teralynn Ludwick, Shanton Chang, Olivia Walsh, Megan Lim, Rachel Podbury, David Evans, Christopher K Fairley, Fabian Y S Kong, Jane S Hocking

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ethan T CardwellMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.ORCID 0009-0000-8446-7940
Teralynn LudwickMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-4160-7354
Shanton ChangSchool of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-2163-3910
Olivia WalshMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.ORCID 0009-0005-9339-7485
Megan LimMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-3136-6761
Rachel PodburyPaper Giant, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0009-0007-7826-7118
David EvansMatanuska-Susitna College, University of Alaska System, Anchorage, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0662-0393
Christopher K FairleyAlfred Health, Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9081-1664
Fabian Y S KongMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9349-3080
Jane S HockingMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9329-8501

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to rise across Australia among 16- to 29-year-olds. Timely testing is needed to reduce transmission, but sexual health clinics are at capacity. This demand, coupled with barriers to getting tested faced by young people, has led to web-based services as a pragmatic solution. However, for young people to use these services, they must be acceptable, attractive, and usable. Social marketing principles combined with end user engagement can be used to guide the development of a web-based service and create a marketing strategy to attract them to the service.

objectiveWorking closely with end users and guided by social marketing, this project explored messaging, design elements (imagery), and promotional strategies that will support high usage of a web-based STI/blood-borne virus (BBV) testing service for young people in Victoria, Australia.

methodsYoung people were recruited to participate in half-day workshops via youth organizations and targeted Meta (Facebook/Instagram) advertisements. An initial web-based survey was deployed to inform workshop content. Workshops were held in metropolitan, outer metropolitan, and regional Victoria. Young people were presented with a range of "image territories" developed by a social marketing firm and social marketing messages that were informed by the literature on communicating health messages. Participants discussed the feelings and reactions evoked by the content. Data collected through mixed methods (transcribed notes, audio recording, and physical outputs) were thematically analyzed to understand features of messaging and imagery that would attract young people to use the service.

resultsA total of 45 people completed the initial survey with 17 participating in focus group workshops (metropolitan: n=8, outer metropolitan: n=6, and regional: n=3). Young people preferred messages that highlight the functional benefits (confidential, affordable, and accessible) of a web-based service and include professional imagery and logos that elicit trust. Young people indicated that the service should be promoted through digital communications (eg, dating apps and social media), with endorsement from government or other recognized institutions, and via word-of-mouth communications.

conclusionsThis study has highlighted the value of applying social marketing theory with end user engagement in developing a web-based STI/BBV testing service. Through the voices of young people, we have established the foundations to inform the design and marketing for Victoria's first publicly funded web-based STI/BBV testing clinic. Future research will measure the reach and efficacy of social marketing, and how this service complements existing services in increasing STI/BBV testing uptake among young Victorians.

Indexed as

InternetSexually Transmitted DiseasesSocial MarketingAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMaleQualitative ResearchVictoriaYoung AdultAustraliablood-borne virusescodesignHIVparticipatory designsexual healthsexually transmitted infectionssocial marketingsocial mediaSTIsurveyweb-based STI/HIV testing

Identifiers

PMID40146201
PMCPMC11986377

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.