ArticleOral health & preventive dentistry2025
In-Vitro Effect of Manuka Honey / Propolis Toothpastes on Bacteria and Biofilm Associated with Caries and Gingivitis.
Article in Oral health & preventive dentistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Navigating fluoride hesitancy: mapping the evidence base for fluoride-free toothpaste alternatives.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Review
- Review
- Compound Annotation by UHPLC-MS/MS, Quantification of Phenolic Compounds and Antimicrobial Activity of Monofloral Avocado Honey.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of two Manuka honey toothpaste formulations containing propolis (Manuka prop) or fluoride (Manuka F), in comparison with the toothpaste base (TP con) and a commercial toothpaste (TP com), on oral bacteria and biofilm. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the formulations and controls were tested against five oral bacterial species. Both the effect on a multispecies dental biofilm precultured for 3.5 days as well as the inhibition of de-novo biofilm formation up to 24 h were investigated. Test substances at concentrations of 20%, 10% and 5% were applied to preformed biofilm for 1 min. The reduction in colony-forming units (cfu), metabolic activity, and biofilm mass were determined. Similarly, the test substances were applied to surfaces for 30 min before bacteria and media were added. The reduction of a tetrazolium dye (MTT assay) was used to assess cytotoxicity on gingival fibroblasts.
resultsThe MIC values of all toothpaste formulations including TP con were very low with the highest MIC of 0.04%. In precultured biofilms, both the number of colony forming units (cfu) and metabolic activity decreased following addition of any toothpaste. The greatest reductions of cfu were found after addition of 20% TP com (by about 6 log10) and after 20% Manuka prop (by about 2.3 log10). However, the biofilm mass was not reduced. Coating the surface with toothpaste formulation, the cfu in the newly formed biofilm decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, with TP com being most active. Both 20% of Manuka prop and Manuka F reduced the cfu counts more than the TP con at 24 h. The toothpaste formulations affected the viability of gingival fibroblasts in a concentration-dependent manner, with no differences observed among the formulations.
conclusionThe Manuka-honey containing toothpastes might be an alternative to toothpaste containing conventional chemical agents. Further research is needed to clinically examine the effect on caries and gingivitis prevention.
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