Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40145416›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2025

Validation of the CAMCOG-DS-II, a neuropsychological test battery for Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome: A Horizon 21 European Down syndrome Consortium study.

Phoebe Ivain, Asaad Baksh, Fedal Saini, Mina Idris, Miren Tamayo-Elizalde, Jasmine Wells, Bessy Benejam, Sandra Virginia Loosli, Katja Sandkühler, Elisabeth Wlasich and 26 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Novel insights into Alzheimer's disease through the study of individuals with Down syndrome.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. A Review of Clinical Trials in Down Syndrome.International review of research in developmental disabilities · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors.

Phoebe IvainInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Department of Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5302-1639
Asaad BakshInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Department of Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Fedal SainiInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Department of Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Mina IdrisInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Department of Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Miren Tamayo-ElizaldeInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Department of Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Jasmine WellsInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Department of Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Bessy BenejamBarcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain.
Sandra Virginia LoosliDepartment of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany.
Katja SandkühlerDepartment of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany.
Elisabeth WlasichDepartment of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany.
Olivia WagemannDepartment of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany.
Johannes LevinDepartment of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany.
Diane MartetInstitut Jêrome Lejeune, Paris, France.
Silvia SaccoInstitut Jêrome Lejeune, Paris, France.
Ségolène FalqueroInstitut Jêrome Lejeune, Paris, France.
Manon ClertInstitut Jêrome Lejeune, Paris, France.
Anne-Sophie RebillatInstitut Jêrome Lejeune, Paris, France.
Wan Ming KhooDepartment of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Bldg, Robinson Way, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Madelaine Amelia SmithDepartment of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Bldg, Robinson Way, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Jessica Beresford-WebbDepartment of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Bldg, Robinson Way, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Shahid ZamanDepartment of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Bldg, Robinson Way, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
María Carmona-IraguiSant Pau Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
Laura VidelaSant Pau Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
Juan ForteaSant Pau Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
Ellen Melbye LangballeNorwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.
Ingrid Tøndel MedbøenNorwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.
Frode Kibsgaard LarsenNorwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.
Eleni BaldimtsiDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Raphaella ParadisiDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Panagiotis NtailakisGreek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD), Thessaloniki, Greece.
Magdalini TsolakiDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Georgia PapantoniouLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Eimear McGlincheyTrinity Centre for Ageing and intellectual Disability, Ground Floor, Chemistry Building Extension, Lincoln Gate, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Mary McCarronTrinity Centre for Ageing and intellectual Disability, Ground Floor, Chemistry Building Extension, Lincoln Gate, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Seán KennellyNational Intellectual Disability Memory Service, Russell Building, Tallaght, University Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland.
André StrydomInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Department of Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.

Funding

Alzheimer's AssociationBaily Thomas Charitable FoundationDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftElse Kröner-Fresenius Stiftung 2020_EKEA.09Fondation Jérôme LejeuneGlobal Brain Health Institute ALZ UK-20-641398Health Research Board IDS-TILDA-2021-001Jérôme Lejeune Foundation #1913cycle2019BMedical Research Council MR/R024901/1Medical Research Council MR/S005145/1Medical Research Council MR/S011277/1Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology EXC 2145 SyNergy - ID 390857198National Institute for Health ResearchNIHR Applied Research CentreNIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre BRC-1215-20014VERUM Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe Cambridge Cognitive Examination modified for use in people with Down syndrome (CAMCOG-DS) is a sensitive cognitive test for Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related decline in people with DS, but needs updates for sensitivity, cultural adaptability, and additional memory/executive function items. This study aimed to develop and validate the CAMCOG-DS-II.

methodsIn this multi-language, multi-site study, the psychometric properties of the CAMCOG-DS-II were evaluated against previously validated measures in 223 participants (mean age: 40.18 years) with DS across seven countries.

resultsThe CAMCOG-DS-II had a high completion rate, minimal floor/ceiling effects (compared to the modified Cued Recall Test, the CANTAB Paired Associates Learning, and the Purdue Pegboard), strong validity and reliability, and performance was unaffected by language across sites. It differentiated between those with/without AD and distinguished clinically rated cognitively stable and prodromal individuals.

conclusionThe CAMCOG-DS-II is a sensitive measure of cognitive performance in people with DS at risk of AD. Its cross-language and site reliability support its potential use in AD-DS clinical trials. HIGHLIGHTS: Developed and validated the Cambridge Cognitive Examination modified for use in people with Down syndrome (CAMCOG-DS-II) for Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome. CAMCOG-DS-II shows increased sensitivity to Alzheimer's disease-related decline in Down syndrome. Improved applicability across an international and culturally diverse population. Differentiates Alzheimer's disease status: cognitively stable, prodromal, and clinical.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseDown SyndromeNeuropsychological TestsAdultEuropeFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsAlzheimer's diseasecognitive declinecognitive testingDown syndrometrisomy 21

Identifiers

PMID40145416
PMCPMC11947767

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.