The prospects and limitations of liquid biopsy utilization for clinical practice in Taiwan.

Objective: Liquid biopsy is a promising, non-invasive diagnostic tool for cancer, offering rapid and cost-effective genomic analysis. It provides a less invasive alternative to traditional tissue biopsies, with potential benefits in monitoring disease progression and detecting minimal residual disease (MRD). However, its clinical integration faces challenges, including utility assessment and workflow adaptation. This study evaluates the value of liquid biopsy in Taiwan from a clinical physician's perspective. Methods: A survey was conducted with 16 physicians specializing in thoracic medicine and hematologic oncology. Participants responded to a 5-point Likert scale to evaluate the timing of liquid biopsy adoption, willingness to incorporate it into clinical practice, and agreement on its role in managing specific clinical conditions. Results: Forty percent of physicians preferred liquid biopsy when tissue samples were unavailable. The inclusion of liquid biopsy under National Health Insurance (NHI) was a key factor in its adoption. Hematologic oncologists showed a stronger preference for liquid biopsy, particularly for MRD testing, compared to their counterparts in thoracic medicine (hematologic oncology vs. thoracic medicine: 4.2 ± 0.83 vs. 3.1 ± 0.60; p value = 0.01). Younger physicians valued turnaround time, while senior physicians prioritized test brand, with a focus on report speed. Conclusion: Physicians are generally less inclined to replace tissue biopsies with liquid biopsy, but hematologic oncologists show more flexibility. Test brand plays a role in physician decision-making, and the inclusion of liquid biopsy under NHI coverage is vital for its broader adoption in Taiwan.