ArticleEnvironment & health (Washington, D.C.)2025
Independent and Combined Associations between Metals Exposure and Inflammatory Markers among the General U.S. Adults.
Article in Environment & health (Washington, D.C.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Imbalance of the Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in Neuroinflammation and Cognition Caused by Manganese Exposure: Downregulation of 15d-PGJ2 Levels and Validation of MMP9 as a Target.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Enantioselective Modulation of Inflammatory Response through MAPK Pathway by Wavelike Chiral Nanoparticles.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Exogenous Metals Indirectly Affect Human Semen Quality via Immune Cells at Single-Cell Resolution.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exposure to metals can trigger a series of diseases by dysregulating the human immune system, but there is still a lack of systematic studies assessing the independent and combined effects of exposure to metals on immune function in the general population, particularly concerning inflammation markers. This cross-sectional study was designed to mainly examine the associations between urinary metal mixtures and inflammatory markers, including white blood cell (WBC), platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), MPV/PLT ratio (MPR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). A total of 3451 participants aged ≥20 years were selected from the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Generalized linear models were used to investigate the relationships of exposure to single metals on inflammatory markers. Associations between coexposure to multiple metals and inflammatory markers were determined using weighted quantile sum regression and quantile g-computation. Barium, cadmium, lead, thallium, and cobalt showed significant associations with MPV, PLR, and NLR. Metal mixtures showed a negative association with MPV, while they had positive associations with PLR and NLR. Overall, our study highlights the significant effects of multiple metals exposure on inflammation markers, including MPV, PLR, and NLR, among U.S. adults. Thereinto, uranium, cadmium, and cobalt were identified as major contributors. Further prospective studies representative of other countries are warranted to either validate or refute our findings.
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Registered trials
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