ReviewFrontiers in psychology2025
Construct-irrelevant item attributes: a framework to classifying items based on context and referent.
Review in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Psychometric Evidence for Chronic Stress Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in African American Adults: An Equity-Focused COSMIN Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Construct-irrelevant items attributes (CIIAs) are characteristics of psychometric scale items that relate to how item stems are worded, rather than the construct they measure. For instance, an item can be framed from a first-hand (e.g., "How would you describe yourself?") or second-hand (e.g., "How would others describe you?") perspective. These attributes meaningfully change the way respondents interpret and answer scale items, so knowing what they are and how they impact data is essential to the construction of valid scales. The present paper serves as a taxonomy of known CIIAs and offers general suggestions on their use. Through this review, we hope to both introduce scale users to the intricacies of item design and offer experienced scale developers a much-needed resource on the types and uses of CIIAs. In doing so, we aim to contribute to the development of more effective, valid scales. We also aim to unify the research literature on item attributes under one taxonomy, to the benefit of scale developers and researchers alike.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.