Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40143958›Full record

ArticleJPRAS open2025

Aesthetic preferences for male breast: Analysis of 2282 surveys on the Chinese population.

Saisai Cao, Boyang Wang, Xiangyu Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JPRAS open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Saisai CaoDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
Boyang WangDepartment of Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
Xiangyu LiuBody Sculpture and Fat Transplantation Center, Plastic Surgery Hospital (Institute), Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shijingshan District No.33 Badachu Road, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: As the prevalence of male breast surgery rises in China, there is a growing need to further investigate the aesthetic standards associated with male breasts among Chinese population. Method: An interactive online survey featuring computerized images of a Chinese male breast was developed. Various attributes of male breasts were manipulated through digital editing using imaging software (Adobe Photoshop CS5; Adobe Systems, Inc., San Jose, Calif.). Participants were asked to evaluate the images and identify the most attractive male breast. Demographic information was gathered, and analysis of variance was employed to clarify preferences regarding male breast aesthetics. Results: A total of 2282 complete responses were obtained. Of these, 1244 (54.5%) were from female participants, while 1038 (45.5%) were from male participants. In the frontal view, 66.17% of respondents favored a 2 cm nipple-areola complex (NAC), and 72.6% preferred a 5/8 NN-to-Chest ratio. In the lateral view, 57.8% preferred a flat breast projection, and 54.29% favored a 30° superior pole projection angle. Significant correlations were identified between gender, age, practice type and marital status. Conclusion: Our study outlines the characteristics of an aesthetically appealing male breast. The analysis of the 2282 survey responses can provide valuable insights for surgical decision-making in chest contouring and reshaping procedures.

Indexed as

Aesthetic analysisMale breastPopulation analysis

Identifiers

PMID40143958
PMCPMC11938072

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.