Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40143378›Full record

ArticleViruses2025

A Retrospective Study of Respiratory Viruses in a Four-Year Study of Nasal Swabs from Patients with Severe Influenza-like Symptoms in the Lazio Region, Italy.

Giuseppe Sberna, Licia Bordi, Cosmina Mija, Enrico Girardi, Fabrizio Maggi, Eleonora Lalle

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Resurgence ofMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Giuseppe SbernaLaboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0955-2074
Licia BordiLaboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.
Cosmina MijaLaboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.
Enrico GirardiScientific Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8182-5896
Fabrizio MaggiLaboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7489-5271
Eleonora LalleLaboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.

Funding

Ministero della Salute Programma Ricerca Corrente-Linea 1 on emerging and re-emerging infectionsValentino s.p.a. 6.2.5 Sviluppo e validazione di test diagnostici
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the strategies adopted by different nations have affected and altered the transmission of different respiratory pathogens around the world. We examined the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the spread of respiratory viruses in the period between 2021 and 2024 in patients with severe influenza-like symptoms in the Lazio region using multiplex PCR tests for the identification of common seasonal respiratory viruses. Our data reveal a change in the transmission of respiratory viruses from 2021 to 2024, with a sharp decline in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and a rise in the transmission of other respiratory viruses, especially influenza viruses, and human rhinovirus/enterovirus in 2024. Moreover, viral co-infections, both those involving two viruses and those involving three viruses, have also increased. This work shows how the spread of SARS-CoV-2 influenced the spread of other respiratory viruses over four years in patients with severe influenza-like symptoms in the Lazio region. In conclusion, the resurgence and fluctuation of various respiratory viruses emphasize the dynamic nature of viral epidemiology in the post-pandemic context and highlight the ongoing need for vigilant public health monitoring and intervention strategies.

Indexed as

COVID-19Influenza, HumanRespiratory Tract InfectionsVirusesAdolescentAdultAgedChildCoinfectionFemaleHumansItalyMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRhinoviruspost-pandemic erarespiratory virusesSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID40143378
PMCPMC11946106

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.