ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Side Effects of Immunosuppressant Drugs After Liver Transplant.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Altered global longitudinal strain is a common finding in liver transplant recipients with mild cardiometabolic burden.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Observational
- Enzyme-mediated remodeling of the extracellular matrix and glycocalyx to enhance immunotherapy in solid tumors.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- Hepatic Immunomodulatory Effect of Belatacept on the TNF-α/IL-6 Pro-Inflammatory Axis and Its Impact on Regulation of MiRNA-146a in Hepatic Injury.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2026Article
- Probiotics in Autoimmune Disease: Strain-specific Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy (ALPPS) in Children with Advanced Hepatoblastoma-Lessons from a Case Series and Literature Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The autonomic nervous system in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Monoterpene indole alkaloids from the aerial parts of Ophiorrhiza brevidentata and their immunological activities.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Article
- Liver transplantation-related osteoporosis and fragility fractures: pathogenic pathways, risk stratification and novel targeted therapy advances.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Prognostic significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter study on overall and recurrence-free survival following liver resection or liver transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Surgical treatments for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: Resection versus transplantation.Global health & medicine · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and donor liver damage.iLIVER · 2025Review
- Clinical significance and gene prediction of a novel classification system based on tacrolimus concentration-to-dose ratio in the early post-liver transplant period.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) is the standard of care for both end-stage liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Side effects of the main used immunosuppressive drugs have a noteworthy impact on the long-term outcome of LT recipients. Consequently, to achieve a balance between optimal immunosuppression and minimal side effects is a cornerstone of the post-LT period. Today, there are no validated markers for overimmunosuppression and underimmunosuppression, only a few drugs have therapeutic drug monitoring, and immunosuppression regimens vary from center to center and from country to country. Currently, there are many drugs with different efficacy and safety profiles. Using different agents permits a decrease in the dosage and minimizes the toxicities. A small subset of recipients achieves immunotolerance with the chance to stop immunosuppressive therapy. This article focuses on the side effects of immunosuppressive drugs, which significantly impact long-term outcomes for LT recipients. The primary aim is to highlight the balance between achieving effective immunosuppression and minimizing adverse effects, emphasizing the role of personalized therapeutic strategies. Moreover, this review evaluates the mechanisms of action and specific complications associated with immunosuppressive agents. Finally, special attention is given to strategies for reducing immunosuppressive burdens, improving patient quality of life, and identifying immunotolerant individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.