Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40141502›Full record

ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

The Evolution of Thermoplastic Raw Materials in High-Speed FFF/FDM 3D Printing Era: Challenges and Opportunities.

Antreas Kantaros, Meropi Katsantoni, Theodore Ganetsos, Nicolae Petrescu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Antreas KantarosDepartment of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, 12244 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-7927-1468
Meropi KatsantoniDepartment of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, 12244 Athens, Greece.
Theodore GanetsosDepartment of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, 12244 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-2081-4960
Nicolae PetrescuDoctoral School of Political Sciences, Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Bucharest, 050107 Bucharest, Romania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The evolution of thermoplastic materials has played a critical role in advancing high-speed Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing technologies. This study explores the performance and challenges associated with next-generation thermoplastics specifically designed for high-speed printing, such as high-speed PLA, ABS, and PETG, in comparison to conventional materials. A systematic analysis was conducted to evaluate the key parameters, including the mechanical properties, layer adhesion, surface finish, and dimensional accuracy, under varying high-speed printing conditions. The results reveal that high-speed thermoplastics, when coupled with advanced hardware and optimized motion control systems, achieve up to a 70% reduction in printing time without significant trade-offs in mechanical integrity or precision. Additionally, the study identifies challenges, such as increased thermal stresses, warping, and the need for precise cooling strategies, which can impact material performance at elevated speeds. Opportunities for future development are also discussed, including the design of novel polymer formulations and hardware innovations to further enhance the reliability and scalability of high-speed FFF/FDM printing. This work underscores the potential of adopting such advanced thermoplastic materials in the high-speed 3D printing era and highlights the critical interplay between material science and hardware engineering for achieving next-generation manufacturing capabilities.

Indexed as

ABSadditive manufacturingadvanced motion control systemsdimensional accuracyFFF/FDM technologyhigh-speed 3D printingmechanical propertiesPETGPLAthermoplastic materials

Identifiers

PMID40141502
PMCPMC11943955

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.