ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) in Advancing Cancer Therapies: Immune System Interactions, Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs), and the Role of Exosomes and Inflammasomes.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immunomodulation of the Prostate Tumor Microenvironment Following Inorganic Arsenic Exposure.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Pg-Induced ATR Activation Promotes ESCC Progression via M2 TAM Polarization.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2026Article
- Exosome-mediated siRNA delivery in cancer: Loading strategies, targeting approaches, and therapeutic outcomes.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Curcumin Attenuates Breast Cancer Cell-induced Inflammasome Activation via the NOD-like receptor protein 3/Caspase-1/Interleukin-1β Axis.Journal of cancer prevention · 2026Article
- Targeted efficacy of BCG Hsp70-anti-CD123 immunoconjugate in childhood acute myeloid leukemia.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Decoding disease and therapy through multiomics integration and systems analysis.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Review
- Artificial Intelligence for Spatial Immunometabolic Analysis of the Tumor Microenvironment: Current Evidence and Future Directions.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Progress in cell-based immunotherapies for solid tumors.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- The Multifunctional Roles of Aquaporins in Tumors: Focusing on Metabolism, Migration, and Regulation of the Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Stiripentol directly attenuates immunosuppression of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells to potentiate anti-PD-1 efficacy.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- CCT7 predicts poor prognosis and correlates with immune infiltration in colonic adenocarcinoma.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Exosomes displaying native EGF enhance doxorubicin's therapeutic efficacy and reduce cardiotoxicity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- The MAPK Pathway Coordinates an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Cell Guided Prognostic Model.Cancer informatics · 2026Article
- Immunometabolic Reprogramming in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Implications.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Crosstalk between the microbiome and immune microenvironment in the pathogenesis and treatment of thyroid carcinoma: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Inflammasome-associated pyroptosis and tumor angiogenesis in prostate cancer.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy in triple-negative breast cancer: from mechanistic exploration to clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Breast and ovarian cancers: toward a multi-cancer early detection test.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Skeletal muscle dysfunction induced by cancer immunotherapy: mechanistics insights and surgical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Machine-learning assisted subclassification of glioblastoma by developing an endoplasmic reticulum stress-related methylation signature.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Understanding how different contributors within the tumor microenvironment (TME) function and communicate is essential for effective cancer detection and treatment. The TME encompasses all the surroundings of a tumor such as blood vessels, fibroblasts, immune cells, signaling molecules, exosomes, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Subsequently, effective cancer therapy relies on addressing TME alterations, known drivers of tumor progression, immune evasion, and metastasis. Immune cells and other cell types act differently under cancerous conditions, either driving or hindering cancer progression. For instance, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) include lymphocytes of B and T cell types that can invade malignancies, bringing in and enhancing the ability of immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. Therefore, TILs display a promising approach to tackling the TME alterations and have the capability to significantly hinder cancer progression. Similarly, exosomes and inflammasomes exhibit a dual effect, resulting in either tumor progression or inhibition depending on the origin of exosomes, type of inflammasome and tumor. This review will explore how cells function in the presence of a tumor, the communication between cancer cells and immune cells, and the role of TILs, exosomes and inflammasomes within the TME. The efforts in this review are aimed at garnering interest in safer and durable therapies for cancer, in addition to providing a promising avenue for advancing cancer therapy and consequently improving survival rates.
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