Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40141289›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Optimising Cannabidiol Delivery: Improving Water Solubility and Permeability Through Phospholipid Complexation.

Thabata Muta, Riya Khetan, Yunmei Song, Sanjay Garg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Development andDrug delivery · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Thabata MutaCentre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), Clinical & Health Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Riya KhetanCentre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), Clinical & Health Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Yunmei SongCentre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), Clinical & Health Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0008-5895
Sanjay GargCentre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), Clinical & Health Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7253-2629

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cannabidiol (CBD) has demonstrated therapeutic potential in treating epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Crohn's diseases. Despite its promising effects and analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anxiolytic properties, oral CBD's full potential is hindered by poor water solubility (0.7-10 μg/mL), low permeability, and chemical instability. This study aimed to enhance CBD's dissolution, stability, and gastrointestinal (GI) permeability by forming a CBD-phospholipid complex (CBD-PLC). We hypothesised that CBD-PLC would enhance CBD's hydrophilicity, thus improving GI barrier permeability. This study involved screening an optimal phospholipid (PL) using a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach to prepare CBD-PLC with nanosized droplets (194.3 nm). Dissolution studies revealed significantly enhanced release rates for CBD-PLC-44.7% at 2 h and 67.1% at 3 h-compared to 0% for pure CBD and 7.2% for a physical mixture (PM). Cellular uptake studies showed that at 30 µM, CBD-PLC exhibited 32.7% higher apparent permeability coefficients (P

Indexed as

CannabidiolDrug Delivery SystemsPhospholipidsWaterAnimalsHumansPermeabilitySolubilityCannabidiolPhospholipidsWatercannabidiol (CBD)controlled releaselipid-based nanotechnologyoral deliveryphospholipid complexation (PLC)water solubility

Identifiers

PMID40141289
PMCPMC11942006

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.