Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40140966›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2025

Comparison of methods for detecting mandibular lingula and can antilingula be used in lingula mandibula detection?

Emre Balaban, Taha Emre Köse, Dilara Nil Günaçar, Muhammed Enes Naralan, Merve Gonca

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Emre BalabanFaculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey. balabanemre@outlook.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5399-2152
Taha Emre KöseFaculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3601-0393
Dilara Nil GünaçarFaculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-6362
Muhammed Enes NaralanFaculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2444-4322
Merve GoncaFaculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1299-9088

Funding

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Development Foundation 02025001021255
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between anatomical reference points used during orthognathic surgery and to minimize the risks of iatrogenic neurovascular damage. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis retrospective study included cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images involving the mandible from patients who visited Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Dentistry between January 2018 and September 2023. The age range of the included individuals was set between 18 and 80 years. Horizontal and vertical distances between mandibular anatomical structures, such as the lingula mandibula (LM), mandibular foramen (MF), antilingula (AL), and surrounding structures were measured using CBCT software. Individuals with intraosseous pathology, insufficient image quality, or a history of surgical/orthodontic treatment were excluded from the study.

resultsA total of 240 hemimandibles from 120 patients were analyzed (55.83% female, 44.17% male; mean age: 46.78 ± 15.30 years). Significant differences were identified in LM positions according to different AL types. The LM was found to be more inferior and posterior relative to hill and ridge type ALs, while it was more anterior relative to plateau type ALs. In 26.25% of mandibular rami, AL was not detected.

conclusionThe position of the AL can serve as a guide in determining the osteotomy line during inferior vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO). However, relying solely on AL as a reference point may increase the risk of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury. Preoperative tomographic evaluations to determine the relationships among LM, MF, and AL can provide a safer approach in surgical planning, reduce complications, and help protect neurovascular structures.

Indexed as

Cone-Beam Computed TomographyMandibleOrthognathic Surgical ProceduresAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnatomic LandmarksFemaleHumansMaleMandibular NerveMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultAntilingulaBilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomyIatrogenic nerve injuryInferior vertical ramus osteotomyLingula

Identifiers

PMID40140966
PMCPMC11938737

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.