Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40140387›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

The environmental burden of the United States' bitcoin mining boom.

Gianluca Guidi, Francesca Dominici, Nat Steinsultz, Gabriel Dance, Lucas Henneman, Henry Richardson, Edgar Castro, Falco J Bargagli-Stoffi, Scott Delaney

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. PMScience advances · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Gianluca GuidiDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-8629-4620
Francesca DominiciDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. fdominic@hsph.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9382-0141
Nat SteinsultzWattTime, Oakland, CA, USA.
Gabriel DanceThe New York Times, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-3350-0776
Lucas HennemanSid and Reba Dewberry Department of Civil, Environmental, and Infrastructure Engineering, College of School of Engineering and Computing, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-8761
Henry RichardsonWattTime, Oakland, CA, USA.
Edgar CastroDepartment of Biostatistics, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4771-8813
Falco J Bargagli-Stoffi *Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6131-8165
Scott Delaney *Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0813-018X

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES000002 · NIEHS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI JAIME ELIZABETH HART · 1985 to 2026
$44.6M
Containerizing tasks to ensure robust AI/ML data curation pipelines to estimate environmental disparities in the rural southR01MD016054 · NIMHD · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Michelle L Bell, Nicole Deziel · 2022 to 2026
$4.3M
National Cohort Studies of Alzheimer's Disease, Related Dementias and Air PollutionR01AG066793 · NIA · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI ZANOBETTI, ANTONELLA · 2020 to 2025
$4.2M
Integrating Air Pollution Prediction Models: Uncertainty Quantification and Propagation in Health StudiesR01ES030616 · NIEHS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI DOMINICI, FRANCESCA, KIOUMOURTZOGLOU, MARIANTHI-ANNA · 2020 to 2024
$3.1M
(R01 Transfer) Characterizing the link between multiple environmental exposures and Parkinsons disease exacerbationR01ES034373 · NIEHS · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Danielle Braun, Antonella Zanobetti · 2022 to 2026
$2.9M
Susceptibility and adverse health outcomes related to climate-sensitive events among older Medicare beneficiaries with Alzheimer and DementiaRF1AG080948 · NIA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BELL, MICHELLE L, BENMARHNIA, TARIK · 2023 to 2023
$2.6M
The confluence of extreme heat cold on the health and longevity of an Aging Population with Alzheimers and related DementiaRF1AG074372 · NIA · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI DOMINICI, FRANCESCA, ESTIRI, HOSSEIN · 2022 to 2023
$2.6M
SCH: Synergizing Topological Deep Learning and Spatio-Temporal Causal Inference to Unpack HealthR01ES037156 · NIEHS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Claudio Battiloro, Francesca Dominici · 2024 to 2026
$865k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG066793NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG074372NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG080948NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES000002NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES030616NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES034373NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES037156NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD016054U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) P30ES000002U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) R01ES030616U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) R01ES034373U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) R01ES037156U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R01AG066793U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) RF1AG074372U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) RF1AG080948U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) R01MD016054
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bitcoin mines-massive computing clusters generating cryptocurrency tokens-consume vast amounts of electricity. The amount of fine particle (PM

Indexed as

Air PollutionEnvironmental ExposureMiningAir PollutantsElectricityEnvironmental MonitoringHumansParticulate MatterUnited StatesAir PollutantsParticulate Matter

Identifiers

PMID40140387
PMCPMC11947435

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.