Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40140381›Full record

ArticleLight, science & applications2025

Noise-tolerant LiDAR approaching the standard quantum-limited precision.

Haochen Li, Kaimin Zheng, Rui Ge, Labao Zhang, Lijian Zhang, Weiji He, Biao Zhang, Miao Wu, Ben Wang, Minghao Mi and 11 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Light, science & applications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Dual-comb absolute ranging reaches orbit.Light, science & applications · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Haochen Li *Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Kaimin Zheng *College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Rui Ge *Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Labao ZhangResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. Lzhang@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-0171
Lijian ZhangCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. Lijian.zhang@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3247-9189
Weiji HeJiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligence Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China. hewj@mail.njust.edu.cn.
Biao ZhangResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Miao WuJiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligence Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
Ben WangCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Minghao MiCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Yanqiu GuanResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Jingrou TanResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Hao WangResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3548-7870
Qi ChenResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Xuecou TuResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8357-6221
Qingyuan ZhaoResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6929-4391
Xiaoqing JiaResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4876-0370
Jian ChenResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1360-8969
Lin KangResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Qian ChenJiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligence Sense, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
Peiheng WuResearch Institute of Superconductor Electronics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems with Extreme Performances of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. phwu@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-8953

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 12033002, 62071218, 62101240 and 62288101Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation) BK20210177
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Quantum-inspired imaging techniques have been proven to be effective for LiDAR with the advances of single photon detectors and computational algorithms. However, due to the disturbance of background noise and the varies of signal in outdoor environment, the performance of LiDAR is still far from its ultimate limit set by the quantum fluctuations of coherent probe light. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a LiDAR from the detection perspective for approaching the standard quantum-limited performance. The photon numbers of echo signals are recorded by a photon-number-resolving detector and applied to overcome heavy background noise through an active photon number filter in the LiDAR. It can approach the standard quantum limit in intensity estimation in a wide photon-flux range, and achieve a Fisher information of only 0.04 dB less than the quantum Fisher information when the mean signal photon number is 10. Experimentally, a noise-free target reconstruction and imaging is demonstrated in the daytime by the proposed LiDAR. It also performs better in reflectivity resolution when taking only 1/1000 of the measurements based on on/off detection. This work provides a fundamental strategy for constructing a LiDAR to quickly extract targets and identify materials in complex environments, which is important for intelligent agents such as autonomous vehicles.

Identifiers

PMID40140381
PMCPMC11947159

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.