Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40138415›Full record

ArticleScience advances2025

Learning the rules of peptide self-assembly through data mining with large language models.

Zhenze Yang, Sarah K Yorke, Tuomas P J Knowles, Markus J Buehler

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Self-Assembling Short Peptide Carriers for Gene Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zhenze YangLaboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Room 1-165, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6427-6757
Sarah K YorkeYusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3511-4222
Tuomas P J KnowlesYusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7879-0140
Markus J BuehlerLaboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Room 1-165, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4173-9659

Funding

Models to Predict Protein Biomaterial PerformanceU01EB014976 · NIBIB · TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD · PI BUEHLER, MARKUS J., KAPLAN, DAVID L. · 2012 to 2020
$5.2M
Strain Analysis Software for Open ScienceR01AR077793 · NIAMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Guy M Genin, Stavros Thomopoulos · 2020 to 2026
$5.2M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR077793NIBIB NIH HHS U01 EB014976
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Peptides are ubiquitous and important biomolecules that self-assemble into diverse structures. Although extensive research has explored the effects of chemical composition and exterior conditions on self-assembly, a systematic study consolidating these data to uncover global rules is lacking. In this work, we curate a peptide assembly database through a combination of manual processing by human experts and large language model-assisted literature mining. As a result, we collect over 1000 experimental data entries with information about peptide sequence, experimental conditions, and corresponding self-assembly phases. Using the data, machine learning models are developed, demonstrating excellent accuracy (>80%) in assembly phase classification. Moreover, we fine-tune a GPT model for peptide literature mining with the developed dataset, which markedly outperforms the pretrained model in extracting information from academic publications. This workflow can improve efficiency when exploring potential self-assembling peptide candidates, through guiding experimental work, while also deepening our understanding of the governing mechanisms.

Indexed as

Data MiningMachine LearningPeptidesHumansLarge Language ModelsPeptides

Identifiers

PMID40138415
PMCPMC11939049

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.