ArticleVision (Basel, Switzerland)2025
RELAY: Robotic EyeLink AnalYsis of the EyeLink 1000 Using an Artificial Eye.
Article in Vision (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gaze Error Estimation and Linear Transformation to Improve Accuracy of Video-Based Eye Trackers.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The fundamentals of eye tracking part 4: Tools for conducting an eye tracking study.Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- Efficient versus inefficient visual search as training for saccadic re-referencing to an extrafoveal location.Journal of vision · 2023Article
- A gaze-contingent saccadic re-referencing training with simulated central vision loss.Journal of vision · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
The impact of ambient brightness surroundings on the peak velocities of visually guided saccades remains a topic of debate in the field of eye-tracking research. While some studies suggest that saccades in darkness are slower than in light, others question this finding, citing inconsistencies influenced by factors such as pupil deformation during saccades, gaze position, or the measurement technique itself. To investigate these, we developed RELAY (Robotic EyeLink AnalYsis), a low-cost, stepper motor-driven artificial eye capable of simulating human saccades with controlled pupil, gaze directions, and brightness. Using the EyeLink 1000, a widely employed eye tracker, we assessed accuracy and precision across three illumination settings. Our results confirm the reliability of the EyeLink 1000, demonstrating no artifacts in pupil-based eye tracking related to brightness variations. This suggests that previously observed changes in peak velocities with varying brightness are likely due to human factors, warranting further investigation. However, we observed systematic deviations in measured pupil size depending on gaze direction. These findings emphasize the importance of reporting illumination conditions and gaze parameters in eye-tracking experiments to ensure data consistency and comparability. Our novel artificial eye provides a robust and reproducible platform for evaluating eye tracking systems and deepening our understanding of the human visual system.
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Registered trials
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