Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40137443›Full record

ArticleMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on the Prevalence and Incidence of Enteric Protozoa in a Spanish Tertiary-Care Hospital and a Referral Center for Tropical Diseases, 2019-2023.

Alfredo Maldonado-Barrueco, Fernando de la Calle-Prieto, Marta Díaz-Menéndez, Marta Arsuaga, Julio García-Rodríguez, Guillermo Ruiz-Carrascoso

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Alfredo Maldonado-BarruecoClinical Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1856-1725
Fernando de la Calle-PrietoNational Referral Unit for Imported Diseases and International Health, High Level Isolation Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-Carlos III-CB, 14049 Madrid, Spain.
Marta Díaz-MenéndezNational Referral Unit for Imported Diseases and International Health, High Level Isolation Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-Carlos III-CB, 14049 Madrid, Spain.
Marta ArsuagaNational Referral Unit for Imported Diseases and International Health, High Level Isolation Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-Carlos III-CB, 14049 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5522-3728
Julio García-RodríguezClinical Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
Guillermo Ruiz-CarrascosoClinical Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8957-6596

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objetiveThe aim of this study was to describe the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with symptoms of enteric protozoa (EP), including

methodData on patients with positive RT-PCR results for EP were collected. The periods analyzed were prepandemic (P0, 1 April 2019-31 March 2020), and the first (P1, 1 April 2020-31 March 2021), second (P2, 1 April 2021-31 March 2022), and third (P3, 1 April 2022-31 March 2023) pandemic years. We compared the prevalence, median age, absolute incidence (EP per 100,000 population of each period), and patient profile (NRCITD vs. non-NRCITD) during the study periods using Fisher's test (

resultsDuring P0, 24.8%, [95% CI: 23.9-25.6] of patients tested for EP RT-PCR were positive, 22.6% [95% CI: 21.5-23.7] were positive in P1, 20.4%, [95% CI: 19.5-21.3] were positive during P2, and 20% [95% CI: 19.2-20.9] of patients tested during P3 were positive. During the study, there was no difference in the median ages. The prevalence and absolute incidence of EP showed a decreasing trend during the pandemic for the NRCITD and non-NRCITD patients (

conclusion

Indexed as

COVID-19Protozoan InfectionsAdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsPrevalenceSARS-CoV-2SpainBlastocystisCOVID-19CryptosporidiumCyclospora cayetanensisDientamoeba fragilisEntamoeba histolyticagastroenteritisGiardiaparasiteprotozoaSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID40137443
PMCPMC11943737

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.