Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40137272›Full record

ReviewJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)2025

The Hidden Fortress: A Comprehensive Review of Fungal Biofilms with Emphasis on

Hope M Pruitt, Jinyi C Zhu, Sean P Riley, Meiqing Shi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Calcium triggersbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hope M PruittDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-5521-1231
Jinyi C ZhuDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Sean P RileyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4384-4540
Meiqing ShiDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Funding

Mechanisms of balancing the immune response during cryptococcal meningoencephalitisR21AI177099 · NIAID · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI SHI, MEIQING · 2023 to 2024
$423k
Interactions of Cryptococcus neoformans with mononuclear phagocytes in the brainR21AI173611 · NIAID · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI SHI, MEIQING · 2023 to 2024
$423k
Identification of Genetic Markers of Susceptibility to Intracellular Bacterial Infection Using the Collaborative Cross Mouse ModelR21AI171817 · NIAID · GENEVA FOUNDATION · PI BERGMANNLEITNER, ELKE, RILEY, SEAN PHILLIP · 2022 to 2023
$387k
National Institutes of Health (NIH) AI173611, AI177099, R21AI171817NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI171817NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI173611NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI177099
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biofilms are structurally organized communities of microorganisms that adhere to a variety of surfaces. These communities produce protective matrices consisting of polymeric polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, and/or lipids that promote shared resistance to various environmental threats, including chemical, antibiotic, and immune insults. While algal and bacterial biofilms are more apparent in the scientific zeitgeist, many fungal pathogens also form biofilms. These surprisingly common biofilms are morphologically distinct from the multicellular molds and mushrooms normally associated with fungi and are instead an assemblage of single-celled organisms. As a collection of yeast and filamentous cells cloaked in an extracellular matrix, fungal biofilms are an extreme threat to public health, especially in conjunction with surgical implants. The encapsulated yeast,

Indexed as

AspergillusbiofilmCandidacentral nervous systemCoccidioidescryptococcosisCryptococcus neoformansextracellular matrixfungusFusariummeningoencephalitispolysaccharide capsuletitan cellTrichosporonvirulence factors

Identifiers

PMID40137272
PMCPMC11943451

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.