Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40137010›Full record

ReviewEuropean burn journal2025

Recreational Use of Nitrous Oxide as a Source of Frostbite Injuries to the Skin: A Review of the Literature and a Case Report.

Sebastian Holm, Reza Tabrisi, Johann Zdolsek

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in European burn journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sebastian HolmDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182 Örebro, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-2234-992X
Reza TabrisiDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182 Örebro, Sweden.ORCID 0009-0001-6729-0466
Johann ZdolsekDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182 Örebro, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nitrous oxide has a wide range of medical applications, such as being used as an analgesic in general anesthesia, dental procedures, childbirth and sedation. Lately, it has also been employed as an inhalant recreational drug to induce brief euphoria. Recent studies indicate a worldwide rise in the incidence of skin frostbites associated with nitrous oxide use. A scoping review was conducted to synthesize and summarize the existing literature published in English regarding frostbite injuries associated with the recreational use of nitrous oxide. The literature search was carried out in July 2024 using databases such as Embase, Web of Science and PubMed

Indexed as

frostbite injuriesfrostbiteslaughing gasnitrous oxide

Identifiers

PMID40137010
PMCPMC11941200

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.